Chapter 3: Operations Processes Flashcards
4 common direct \_\_\_\_\_\_ include: • labour • energy • raw materials • machinery and technology capital What's missing?
Inputs
________ refers to the money provided by the owners to finance a business’s activities
What’s missing?
Capital
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are those inputs that are changed or converted in the operations process, these include: • materials • information • customers What's missing?
Transformed resources
_________ are the basic elements used in the production process and consists of two types:
• raw materials
• intermediate goods
Materials
_____ _________ are the essential substances in their unprocessed state
What’s missing?
Raw materials
____________ ________ are goods manufactured and used in further manufacturing or processing
What’s missing?
Intermediate goods
___________ is the knowledge gained from research, investigation and instruction, which results in an increase in understanding
What’s missing?
Information
__________ ___________ ____________ (CRM) refers to the systems that business use to maintain customer contact
What’s missing?
Customer relationship management
______ are the resources used in the transformation (production) process
What’s missing?
Inputs
____________ ___________ are those inputs that carry out the transformation process, these include:
• human resources
• facilities
What’s missing?
Transforming resources
________ refer to the plant (factory or office) and machinery used in the operations processes
What’s missing?
Facilities
_______ _________ coordinate and combine other resources to produce goods and services
What’s missing?
Human resources
Operation processes relevant to _____________ include:
• influence of volume, variety, demand, visibility
• sequencing and scheduling
• technology, task design, plant (office/factory layout)
• monitoring of processes, control of processes and improvement
What’s missing?
Transformation
_____ _____ is the time it takes for an order to be fulfilled from the moment it is made
What’s missing?
Lead time
___ _______ is the mix of products made, or services delivered through the information process
What’s missing?
Mix flexibility
________ processes are influenced by:
• Volume - how much of a product is made
• Variety - the range of products made
• Variation in demand - the amount of a product desired by consumers
• Visibility - the nature and amount of customer contact (feedback)
What’s missing?
Transformation
_______ refers to the order in which activities in the operations process occur
What’s missing?
Sequencing
_______ refers to the length of time activities take within the operations process
What’s missing?
Scheduling
The ____ ____ is a type of bar chart that shows both the scheduled and completed work over a period of time. It is often used in planning and tracking a project
What’s missing?
Gantt chart
The ______ ____ ______ (CPA) is a scheduling method of technique that shows what tasks need to be done, how long they take and what order is necessary to complete these tasks
What’s missing?
Critical Path Analysis
________ is the application of science or knowledge that enables people to do new things or perform established tasks in new and better ways
What’s missing?
Technology
______ are used in engineering and specialised areas of research, as well as on assembly lines where a programmable machine capable of doing several different tasks is required
What’s missing?
Robotics
_______-_____ ______ (CAD) is a computerised design tool that allows businesses to create product possibilities from a series of input parameters
What’s missing?
Computer-aided design
_______-_____ _________ (CAM) is software that controls manufacturing processes
What’s missing?
Computer-aided manufacturing
____ ______ involves classifying job activities in ways that make it easy for an employee to successfully perform and complete the task; interdependence with human resources
What’s missing?
Task design
____ ____ is a formal process used to determine the present level of skilling and any skill shortfalls that need to be made up either through recruitment or through training
What’s missing?
Skills audit
_____ ______ is the arrangement of equipment, machinery and staff within the facility (either a factory or an office)
What’s missing?
Plant layout
The alternate \_\_\_\_\_\_ options are: • Process layout • Product layout • Fixed position layout What's missing?
layout
The ______ ______ is the arrangement of machines such that the machines and equipment are grouped together by the function (or process) they perform
What’s missing?
Process layout
Which layout would best suit a hospital?
Process layout
______ production deals with high-variety, low-volume production
What’s missing?
Process
_____ ______ is where the equipment arrangement relates to the sequence of tasks performed in manufacturing a product
What’s missing?
Product layout
\_\_\_\_\_\_ production (mass production) is characterised by the manufacturing of a high volume of constant quality goods What's missing?
Product
_____ ______ ______ is an operational arrangement in which employees and equipment come to the product
What’s missing?
Fixed position layout
______ production deals with layout requirements for large-scale, bulky activities
What’s missing?
Project
Which layout would be suitable for construction of bridges, ships, buildings?
Fixed position layout
Which layout would be used for manufacturing motor vehicles or television sets?
Product layout
______ is the process of measuring actual performance against planned performance
What’s missing?
Monitoring
____ ________ _______ (KPIs) are specific criteria used to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of the business’s performance
What’s missing?
Key Performance Indicators
_____ occurs when KPIs are assessed against predetermined targets and corrective action is taken if required
What’s missing
Control
________ refers to systematic reduction of inefficiencies and wastage, poor work processes and the elimination of any bottlenecks
What’s missing?
Improvement
A ______ is an aspect of the transformation process that slows down the overall processing speed or creates an impediment leading to a backlog of incompletely processed products
What’s missing?
Bottleneck
________ typically is sought in the following areas:
• Time - minimisation of bottlenecks, assessment of the necessity in all transformation processes, wait times
• Process flows - smooth transitions between transforming processes
• Quality - measurement of product standards, assessment of returns and warranty claims
• Cost - review of expenses
• Efficiency - reduction of waste, creation of greater output
What’s missing?
Improvement
_______ _________ involves ongoing commitment to achieving perfection
What’s missing
Continous improvement
_____ refer to the end result of the business’s efforts - the goods or service that is provided or delivered to the customer
What’s missing?
Outputs
_______ ______ refers to how well a business meets and exceeds the expectations of customers in all aspects of it operations
What’s missing?
Customer service
A ______ is a promise made by a business that they will correct any defects in the goods that they produce or in the services they deliver
What’s missing?
Warranty
Exceeding ________ expectations is likely to be the key in developing long-term customer relationships
What’s missing?
Customers’
7 benefits of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ include: • use of machinery and systems • transformation process is more effective and efficient • employees work more productively • speed up the process • fuller utilisation of raw materials • cost effective • enables whole markets to open up and trade globally What's missing?
Technology
4 disadvantages of _______ include:
• high cost
• additional costs for set-up, siting, cabling, loss of workers
• cost of training and development
• time lost in adapting to new work techniques
What’s missing?
Technology
Some examples of \_\_\_\_\_ technology include: • computer/laptop • storage devices (CD, USB) • phones • printer/scanner • EFTPOS What's missing?
Office
To ________ is to ‘commute’, or travel to work, electronically, which means that home or another location becomes the worksite and work is derived via email or the internet
What’s missing?
Telecommute
Is a pair of scissors classified as low-technology (lo-tech) or high-technology (hi-tech)?
Low-technology (lo-tech)
Is a computer and robotics classified as lo-tech or hi-tech?
Hi-tech
Typical \_\_\_\_ include: • lead times • inventory turnover • warranty claims • process flow rates • capacity and volume rates • IT and maintenance costs • direct and indirect costs analysis What's missing?
KPIs
\_\_\_\_\_ requires operations managers to make changes to correct any problems to the transformation process, which include: • redesigning the facilities layout • adjusting the level of technology • quality controls What's missing?
Control
_______ are the desk areas required by office workers, usually fitted with access to a computer monitor, keyboard, telephone, mouse, storage, printers, scanners and a facsimile (fax machine)
What’s missing?
Workstations
Modern office layout uses a _______ arrangement
What’s missing?
Workstation
