Chapter 3: Operations Processes Flashcards by Renee Hedges

4 common direct \_\_\_\_\_\_ include:
• labour
• energy
• raw materials
• machinery and technology capital
What's missing?

Inputs

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________ refers to the money provided by the owners to finance a business’s activities
What’s missing?

Capital

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are those inputs that are changed or converted in the operations process, these include: 
• materials
• information 
• customers
What's missing?

Transformed resources

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_________ are the basic elements used in the production process and consists of two types:
• raw materials
• intermediate goods

Materials

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_____ _________ are the essential substances in their unprocessed state
What’s missing?

Raw materials

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____________ ________ are goods manufactured and used in further manufacturing or processing
What’s missing?

Intermediate goods

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___________ is the knowledge gained from research, investigation and instruction, which results in an increase in understanding
What’s missing?

Information

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__________ ___________ ____________ (CRM) refers to the systems that business use to maintain customer contact
What’s missing?

Customer relationship management

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______ are the resources used in the transformation (production) process
What’s missing?

Inputs

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____________ ___________ are those inputs that carry out the transformation process, these include:
• human resources
• facilities
What’s missing?

Transforming resources

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________ refer to the plant (factory or office) and machinery used in the operations processes
What’s missing?

Facilities

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_______ _________ coordinate and combine other resources to produce goods and services
What’s missing?

Human resources

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Operation processes relevant to _____________ include:
• influence of volume, variety, demand, visibility
• sequencing and scheduling
• technology, task design, plant (office/factory layout)
• monitoring of processes, control of processes and improvement
What’s missing?

Transformation

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_____ _____ is the time it takes for an order to be fulfilled from the moment it is made
What’s missing?

Lead time

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___ _______ is the mix of products made, or services delivered through the information process
What’s missing?

Mix flexibility

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________ processes are influenced by:
• Volume - how much of a product is made
• Variety - the range of products made
• Variation in demand - the amount of a product desired by consumers
• Visibility - the nature and amount of customer contact (feedback)
What’s missing?

Transformation

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_______ refers to the order in which activities in the operations process occur
What’s missing?

Sequencing

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_______ refers to the length of time activities take within the operations process
What’s missing?

Scheduling

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The ____ ____ is a type of bar chart that shows both the scheduled and completed work over a period of time. It is often used in planning and tracking a project
What’s missing?

Gantt chart

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The ______ ____ ______ (CPA) is a scheduling method of technique that shows what tasks need to be done, how long they take and what order is necessary to complete these tasks
What’s missing?

Critical Path Analysis

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________ is the application of science or knowledge that enables people to do new things or perform established tasks in new and better ways
What’s missing?

Technology

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______ are used in engineering and specialised areas of research, as well as on assembly lines where a programmable machine capable of doing several different tasks is required
What’s missing?

Robotics

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_______-_____ ______ (CAD) is a computerised design tool that allows businesses to create product possibilities from a series of input parameters
What’s missing?

Computer-aided design

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_______-_____ _________ (CAM) is software that controls manufacturing processes
What’s missing?

Computer-aided manufacturing

____ ______ involves classifying job activities in ways that make it easy for an employee to successfully perform and complete the task; interdependence with human resources What's missing?

Task design

____ ____ is a formal process used to determine the present level of skilling and any skill shortfalls that need to be made up either through recruitment or through training What's missing?

Skills audit

_____ ______ is the arrangement of equipment, machinery and staff within the facility (either a factory or an office) What's missing?

Plant layout

``` The alternate ______ options are: • Process layout • Product layout • Fixed position layout What's missing? ```

layout

The ______ ______ is the arrangement of machines such that the machines and equipment are grouped together by the function (or process) they perform What's missing?

Process layout

Which layout would best suit a hospital?

Process layout

______ production deals with high-variety, low-volume production What's missing?

Process

_____ ______ is where the equipment arrangement relates to the sequence of tasks performed in manufacturing a product What's missing?

Product layout

``` ______ production (mass production) is characterised by the manufacturing of a high volume of constant quality goods What's missing? ```

Product

_____ ______ ______ is an operational arrangement in which employees and equipment come to the product What's missing?

Fixed position layout

______ production deals with layout requirements for large-scale, bulky activities What's missing?

Project

Which layout would be suitable for construction of bridges, ships, buildings?

Fixed position layout

Which layout would be used for manufacturing motor vehicles or television sets?

Product layout

______ is the process of measuring actual performance against planned performance What's missing?

Monitoring

____ ________ _______ (KPIs) are specific criteria used to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of the business's performance What's missing?

Key Performance Indicators

_____ occurs when KPIs are assessed against predetermined targets and corrective action is taken if required What's missing

Control

________ refers to systematic reduction of inefficiencies and wastage, poor work processes and the elimination of any bottlenecks What's missing?

Improvement

A ______ is an aspect of the transformation process that slows down the overall processing speed or creates an impediment leading to a backlog of incompletely processed products What's missing?

Bottleneck

________ typically is sought in the following areas: • Time - minimisation of bottlenecks, assessment of the necessity in all transformation processes, wait times • Process flows - smooth transitions between transforming processes • Quality - measurement of product standards, assessment of returns and warranty claims • Cost - review of expenses • Efficiency - reduction of waste, creation of greater output What's missing?

Improvement

_______ _________ involves ongoing commitment to achieving perfection What's missing

Continous improvement

_____ refer to the end result of the business's efforts - the goods or service that is provided or delivered to the customer What's missing?

Outputs

_______ ______ refers to how well a business meets and exceeds the expectations of customers in all aspects of it operations What's missing?

Customer service

A ______ is a promise made by a business that they will correct any defects in the goods that they produce or in the services they deliver What's missing?

Warranty

Exceeding ________ expectations is likely to be the key in developing long-term customer relationships What's missing?

Customers'

``` 7 benefits of _______ include: • use of machinery and systems • transformation process is more effective and efficient • employees work more productively • speed up the process • fuller utilisation of raw materials • cost effective • enables whole markets to open up and trade globally What's missing? ```

Technology

4 disadvantages of _______ include: • high cost • additional costs for set-up, siting, cabling, loss of workers • cost of training and development • time lost in adapting to new work techniques What's missing?

Technology

``` Some examples of _____ technology include: • computer/laptop • storage devices (CD, USB) • phones • printer/scanner • EFTPOS What's missing? ```

Office

To ________ is to 'commute', or travel to work, electronically, which means that home or another location becomes the worksite and work is derived via email or the internet What's missing?

Telecommute

Is a pair of scissors classified as low-technology (lo-tech) or high-technology (hi-tech)?

Low-technology (lo-tech)

Is a computer and robotics classified as lo-tech or hi-tech?

Hi-tech

``` Typical ____ include: • lead times • inventory turnover • warranty claims • process flow rates • capacity and volume rates • IT and maintenance costs • direct and indirect costs analysis What's missing? ```

KPIs

``` _____ requires operations managers to make changes to correct any problems to the transformation process, which include: • redesigning the facilities layout • adjusting the level of technology • quality controls What's missing? ```

Control

_______ are the desk areas required by office workers, usually fitted with access to a computer monitor, keyboard, telephone, mouse, storage, printers, scanners and a facsimile (fax machine) What's missing?

Workstations

Modern office layout uses a _______ arrangement | What's missing?

Workstation