Chapter 3-Nature of Interpersonal Communication

Question 1

nonverbal communication

Answer 1

message about the message, using gestures, eye contact, body posture, tone, volume, and rapidity of speech

Question 2

conflict

Answer 2

the interaction that occurs when the behavior or desires of one person interfere with the behavior or desires of another

Question 3

sources of conflict

Answer 3

1. behavior
2. cognitions and perceptions (one may view as a problem the other views as a solution)
3. value differences
4. inconsistent rules
5. leadership ambiguity

Question 4

Competing style of conflict

Answer 4

both partners are assertive and uncooperative. winner and loser

Question 5

collaborating style of conflict

Answer 5

both partners are assertive and cooperative

Question 6

compromising style

Answer 6

both partners find a middle ground

Question 7

avoiding style

Answer 7

partners avoid confrontation, partners may become resentful

Question 8

parallel style

Answer 8

both partners deny, ignore, and retreat from addressing a problem issue. dont talk about it and it will go away

Question 9

open ended question

Answer 9

question that encourages answers that contain a great deal of information

Question 10

closed ended question

Answer 10

one that allows for a one worded answer and does not elicit much information

Question 11

reflective listening

Answer 11

paraphrasing or restating what a person has said to indicate that the listener understands

Question 12

I statements

Answer 12

focus on the feelings and thoughts of the communicator without making a judgment on others

Question 13

you statements

Answer 13

statements that blame or criticize the listener and often result in increasing negative feelings and behavior in the relationship

Question 14

branching

Answer 14

going out on different limbs of an issue rather than staying focused on the issue

Question 15

congruent message

Answer 15

one in which verbal and nonverbal behaviors match

Question 16

power

Answer 16

the ability to impose ones will on ones partner and to avoid being influenced by the partner

Question 17

symbolic interaction theory of communication

Answer 17

examine the process of communication between two actors in terms of the meanings each attaches to the actions of the other

Question 18

Social exchange theory of communication

Answer 18

suggest that the partners communication can be described as a ratio of rewards to costs

Question 19

seven steps for fair fighting

Answer 19

1. address recurring, disturbing issues
2. identify new desired behaviors
3. identify perceptions to change
4. summarize your partners perspective
5. generate alternative win-win solutions
6. forgive
7. be alert to defense mechanisms

Question 20

brainstormin

Answer 20

suggesting as many alternatives as possible without evaluating them

Question 21

win-win relationship

Answer 21

a relationship in which conflict is resolved so that each partner derives benefits form the resolution

Question 22

win-lose solution

Answer 22

solution in which one partner benefits at the expense of the other

Question 23

lose-lose solution

Answer 23

a solution to a conflict in which neither partner benefits

Question 24

defense mechanisms

Answer 24

unconscious techniques that function to protect individuals from anxiety and minimize emotional hurt

Question 25

escapism

Answer 25

simultaneous denial of and withdrawal from a problem

Question 26

rationalization

Answer 26

the cognitive justification for ones own behavior that unconsciously conceals ones true motives

Question 27

projection

Answer 27

attributing one’s own feelings, attitudes, or desires to ones partner while avoiding recognition that these are ones own thoughts, feelings and desires

Question 28

displacement

Answer 28

shifting one’s feelings, thoughts, or behaviors from the person who evokes them onto someone else