Chapter 3- Migration Flashcards
Brain drain
Large- scale emigration by talented people
Chain migration
Migration of people to a specific location because of relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there
Counterurbanization
Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries
Diaspora
To disperse forcefully or voluntary of people from their homeland to a new place.
Distance decay function
The diminishing in the likeliness of a migrant to immigrate to an area based on how far away it is
Emigration
Migration from a location
Floodplain
An area subject to flooding during a given number of years according to historical trends
Forced migration
Permanent movement usually by cultural factors
Guest workers
Workers who migrate to more developed countries of north eastern and western Europe usually from south eastern and Eastern Europe or from north Africa in search of higher-paying jobs
Immigration
Migration to a new location
Internal migration
Permanent movement within a particular country
International migration
Permanent movement from one country to another
Intervening obstacle
And environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration
Interaregional
Movement within one region of the country
Activity space
The range of an area in which an organism participates in its daily activities
Lee’s Model
In 1966 Everett Lee added to the Ravenstiens migration theory by defining push and pull factors
Migration
Form of relocation diffusion involving a permanent move to new country
Migration selectivity
Only people exhibiting certain characteristics in a population choosing to migrate
Migration stream
The flow of migration; immigration and emigration patterns that appear when large numbers of people move from one location to another
Migration transition
Change in migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization population growth and other social and economic changes
Mobility
All types of movement from one location to another
Net migration
The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration
Net-in migration
If the number of immigrants exceeds the number of emigrants the net migration is positive in the region has net-in-migration
Net-out migration
If the number of emigrants exceeds the number of immigrants the net migration is negative and the region has net-out migration
Pull factor
Factor that induces people to move to a new area
Push factor
Factor that induces people to leave old residences
Quotas
In reference to migration laws that place maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year
Ravenstein’s Laws
10 laws that predict the flow of migrants developed by demographer Ernest Ravenstein
Refugees
People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution
Remittances
effective means to alleviate poverty particularly in rural areas where access to credit would otherwise be impossible
Step migration
When people move up in a hierarchy of locations
Suburbanization
Movement of urban people to the suburbs for various reasons such as more room larger homes less crime less population
Time- contract workers
Immigrant recruited for a fixed period to work in mines or plantations
Transhumance
The seasonal migration of life stuck between mountains and low land pastures
Unauthorized immigrants
People who enter a country without proper documents
Urbanization
An increase in the percentage of the number of people living in urban settlements
Voluntary migration
Permanent migration undertaken by choice
Zelinsky, Wilbur
One of Americans most prominent cultural geographers; equated migration to the demographic transition model.
