Chapter 2 Population

Question 1

Agricultural revolution

Answer 1

The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering

Question 2

Arithmetic density

Answer 2

The total number of people divided by the total land area

Question 3

Cario conference

Answer 3

United Nations held an international conference on population in 1994 in Cario, Egypt. It’s resulting program of action is the steering document for the United States

Question 4

Carrying capacity

Answer 4

The largest number of people that the environment of a particular area/country can support

Question 5

Agricultural density

Answer 5

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

Question 6

Child mortality rate

Answer 6

Annual number of deaths of children under the age of five compared with total live births

Question 8

Cornucopians

Answer 8

People that believe our supply of resources is basically infinite

Question 9

Census

Answer 9

A complete enumeration of a population

Question 12

Crude birth rate (CBR)

Answer 12

The total number of live births in a year for every thousand people alive in society

Question 13

Crude death rate (CDR)

Answer 13

The total number of deaths in a year for everyone thousand people alive in society

Question 14

Demographic transition

Answer 14

A process with several stages and every country is in one of them and it has to do with population

Question 15

Demography

Answer 15

The scientific study of population characteristics

Question 16

Dependency ratio

Answer 16

The number of people under the age of 15 and over 64 compared to the number of people active in labor force

Question 17

Ester Boserup

Answer 17

A woman scientist/geographer who believes that human growth stimulates the birth of people who come up with a strategy/ingenuity that will ensure that food supplies do not run out.

Question 18

Doubling time

Answer 18

The number of years needed to double a population assuming a constant rate of natural increase

Question 19

Ecumene

Answer 19

The portion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement

Question 20

Gravity model

Answer 20

Interaction is proportional to the multiplication of two populations divided by the distance between them (distance decay)

Question 21

Epidemiologic transition

Answer 21

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of demographic transition

Question 22

J-curve

Answer 22

This is when the projection population show exponential growth sometimes shaped like a J

Question 23

Epidemiology

Answer 23

Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence distribution and control of diseases that are prevalent among the population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality

Question 24

Natalist: Pro and con

Answer 24

A pro-natalist encourages childbearing. A con-natalist leaves that there needs to be limits placed on the number of children per couple

Question 27

Industrial Revolution

Answer 27

A series of improvements in industrial technology that transforms the process of manufacturing goods

Question 28

Infant mortality rate (IMR)

Answer 28

The total number of deaths in a year amount infants 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society

Question 30

Population agglomeration

Answer 30

Cities that are 1 million or over in population

Question 31

Neo-malthusians

Answer 31

Argue against cornucopians. They believe the ideas of Thomas Matheus. Population can grow faster than food production which could result in starvation if human growth is not limited

Question 32

Life expectancy

Answer 32

The average number of years and individual can be expected to live given current social economic and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live

Question 33

Medical revolution

Answer 33

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America Asia and Africa. Improve medical practices has illuminated many of the traditional causes of death in poor countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives

Question 35

Natural increase rate (NIR)

Answer 35

The percentage growth of a population in a year computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate

Question 36

S-curve

Answer 36

Traces the cyclical movement upwards and downwards on a graph of population. So names for its shape as the S

Question 37

Thomas Malthus

Answer 37

An Englishman who wrote an essay in the 1800s regarding population. He brought up the point that we May be running out of supplies because of our exponentially growing population

Question 39

Overpopulation

Answer 39

The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

Question 40

Pandemic

Answer 40

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and effects of very high portion of the population

Question 41

Physiological density

Answer 41

The number of people per unit of area of arable land

Question 43

Population Pyramid

Answer 43

A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex

Question 45

Sex ratio

Answer 45

The number of males per hundred females in the population

Question 47

Total fertility rate (TFR)

Answer 47

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years

Question 48

Zero population growth

Answer 48

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero