Chapter 3 Matter and Energy

Question 1

Define matter

Answer 1

It is anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

What is matter composed?

Answer 2

Atom

Question 3

Define an atom

Answer 3

submicroscopic particles that are the building blocks of

Question 4

What are atoms bonded together to form?

Answer 4

Molecules

Question 5

Define molecule

Answer 5

Two or more atoms joined in the specific geometric arrangement

Question 6

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 6

Liquid solid gas 

Question 7

What are the characteristics of a solid

Answer 7

It is matter with a fixed shape and volume. The atoms or molecules are packed in fixed locations. There is no transitional movement and atoms move faster.

Question 8

What differentiates phases of matter

Answer 8

Spacing and mobility

Question 9

Two types of solid

Answer 9

Fixed and amorphous

Question 10

What are the characteristics of amorphous?

Answer 10

No long range order it’s disordered

Question 11

What are the characteristics of a liquid

Answer 11

Matter with fixed, volume but variable shape, the atoms or molecules are close together or in close contact, but I have ttransitional motion incompressible

Question 12

What are the characteristics of a gas?

Answer 12

Matter with variable, volume and shape and there’s lots of space between the atoms or molecules little contact between the atoms or molecules, and it’s compressible

Question 13

Define pure substance

Answer 13

Compose the one type of atom or one molecule

Question 14

Define element

Answer 14

Substance that cannot be broken into other substances

Question 15

Define compound

Answer 15

Substance is composed of molecules or two or more atoms bonded together

Question 16

Define mixture

Answer 16

 Substance composed of two or more pure substances, in a fixed proportion

Question 17

What are the types of mixtures?

Answer 17

Homogeneous mixture and heterogeneous mixture

Question 18

Define homogeneous mixture, and some examples

Answer 18

The composition of mixture is the same throughout examples of coffee, tea

Question 19

Define heterogeneous mixture

Answer 19

 Composition of make sure that varies from one area to another. An example is sand or oil and water combination.

Question 20

Define physical property and list some examples

Answer 20

A property that the substance has without changing its composition. It’s observable and measurable. Some examples are color length density, volume transparency.

Question 21

Define chemical property and list some examples

Answer 21

Property a substance has by changing its molecular composition, and it will undergo a chemical reaction. Examples are flammability air sensitivity paint fainting with time corrosiveness

Question 22

Define physical change and some examples

Answer 22

Change in which a chemical reaction does not occur Some examples are cutting paper melting evaporation.

Question 23

Define chemical change and some examples

Answer 23

Change in which a chemical reaction does occur. Some examples are cooking eggs, rust formation on a nail.

Question 24

What are some chemical reaction?

Answer 24

Change in color, smell texture, any type of absorption or release

Question 25

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 25

Matter is neither created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Matter doesn’t leave it gets converted into another form.

Question 26

What is the law of conservation of matter?

Answer 26

Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction

Question 27

Define energy

Answer 27

The capacity to do work

Question 28

Define work

Answer 28

The result of force acting on a distance

Question 29

What are the two types of energy?

Answer 29

Kinetic and potential energy

Question 30

Define kinetic energy

Answer 30

Energy that is associated with motion

Question 31

Define potential energy

Answer 31

Energy that is associated with position

Question 32

What are other types of energy?

Answer 32

Thermal energy, electric energy, and chemical energy

Question 33

Define electrical energy

Answer 33

Energy that is associated with the flow of electrical charge

Question 34

Define thermal energy

Answer 34

Energy that is associated with random motion of items, such as translation, rotation vibration

Question 35

Define chemical energy

Answer 35

A form of potential energy associated with chemical bonds

Question 36

Define endothermic

Answer 36

Process of absorbing heat example is evaporation as it converts a liquid to a gas

Question 37

Define exothermic reaction

Answer 37

Process of releasing heat example was the burning of wood. It’s also the process of condensation gas to liquid.

Question 38

What is temperature of measurement of

Answer 38

A measurement of thermal energy, which is random motion of atoms and molecules

Question 39

Is a hotter temperature mean faster motion?

Answer 39

Yes

Question 40

Define heat

Answer 40

A transfer of thermal energy caused by a difference in temperature between two objects

Question 41

What is the freezing point of water

Answer 41

32°F, 0°C and 15 Calvin

Question 42

What is the boiling point of water

Answer 42

212°F 100°C in 373.15 Calvin.

Question 43

Define specific heat

Answer 43

The amount of heat in joules that is required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1°C