Chapter 3 - Matter

Question 1

What are the characteristics of matter?

Answer 1

it has mass and occupies space

Question 2

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 2

solid, liquid, gas

Question 3

The state of a given sample of matter depends on what?

Answer 3

the strength of forces among the particles contained in the matter

Question 4

The stronger the forces are between particles…

Answer 4

the more rigid the matter

Question 5

Solid has what characteristics?

Answer 5

fixed shape and volume

Question 6

Liquid has what characteristics?

Answer 6

definite volume but takes the shape of its container

Question 7

Gas has what characteristics?

Answer 7

no fixed volume or shape; takes shape and volume of its container

Question 8

What are physical properties?

Answer 8

Properties of matter that don’t affect the composition of the substance

Question 9

What are some examples of physical properties?

Answer 9

odor, color, volume, state, density, melting point, and boiling point

Question 10

What are chemical properties?

Answer 10

the ability of the matter to form new substances

Question 11

What is electrolysis?

Answer 11

decomposition of water by an electric current; chemical process

Question 12

What is a physical change?

Answer 12

changes that don’t affect the composition of the substance

Question 13

What is a chemical change?

Answer 13

involves a change in the fundamental components of a substance; also called reactions

Question 14

What are elements?

Answer 14

substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical means

Question 15

What are compounds?

Answer 15

substances composed of a given combination of elements that can be broken down into those elements by chemical means

Question 16

A compound always have the same what?

Answer 16

composition; same combination of atoms

Question 17

Each element contains only how many kinds of atoms?

Answer 17

one

Question 18

Properties of compounds are usually very different from what?

Answer 18

those of the elements they contain

Question 19

What is a mixture?

Answer 19

something that has variable composition; can be separated physically

Question 20

What is a pure substance?

Answer 20

cannot be broken down by physical methods; has a chemical formula; always have the same composition

Question 21

What can a pure substance be?

Answer 21

elements or compounds

Question 22

Mixtures can be separated into what?

Answer 22

pure substances

Question 23

Mixtures can be classified as what?

Answer 23

Heterogeneous, homogeneous, or colloid

Question 24

What is a homogeneous mixture?

Answer 24

same throughout; a.k.a. solution

Question 25

What is an example of a solution?

Answer 25

salt water

Question 26

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

Answer 26

contains regions that have different properties from those of other regions

Question 27

What is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

Answer 27

Sand water

Question 28

What are some examples of a colloid?

Answer 28

milk, blood, cheese, plain gelatin, mayo, cloud sample

Question 29

What is distillation?

Answer 29

purification of water; water-steam-separate substances from water-steam-water

Question 30

What kind of change is distillation?

Answer 30

physical change

Question 31

What is filtration?

Answer 31

separates liquid from a solid; liquid passes through filter paper but solid particles are trapped

Question 32

What kind of change is filtration?

Answer 32

physical change