Chapter 3, Lesson 1: What Is Life?

Question 1

What are the characteristics of all living things?

Answer 1

All living things have a cellular organization, contain similar chemicals, use energy, respond to their surroundings, grow and develop, and reproduce.

Question 2

All living things are made up of small building building blocks called what?

Answer 2

Cells.

Question 3

Organisms that are composed of many cells are also referred as what?

Answer 3

Multicellular.

Question 4

What are single celled organisms called?

Answer 4

Unicellular organisms.

Question 5

What is the most abundant chemical in cells?

Answer 5

Water.

Question 6

What chemical is a cells main energy source?

Answer 6

Carbohydrates.

Question 7

What two chemicals are the building materials of cells?

Answer 7

Proteins and lipids.

Question 8

What are the genetic material of cells, or the chemical instructions, cells need to carry out the functions of life?

Answer 8

Nucleic acids.

Question 9

What are the main five chemicals that make up cells in living things?

Answer 9

Water, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Question 10

What is a change in an organisms surroundings that causes the organism to react?

Answer 10

Stimulus.

Question 11

What is an action or change in behavior?

Answer 11

Response.

Question 12

What is the process of change that occurs during an organisms life, producing a more complex organism?

Answer 12

Development.

Question 13

What are the two main ways an organism reproduces?

Answer 13

Asexual and sexual.

Question 14

What kind of reproduction involves only one parent and produces offspring that are I denticle to the parent?

Answer 14

Asexual reproduction.

Question 15

What type of reproduction involves two parents and combines genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents?

Answer 15

Sexual reproduction.

Question 16

Where do living things come from?

Answer 16

Living things arise from other living things through reproduction.

Question 17

When a scientist carries out a series of tests that are identical in every respect except for one factor what is this called?

Answer 17

Controlled experiment.

Question 18

Who designed a controlled experiment to show that maggots, which develop into new flies, do not arise from decaying meat?

Answer 18

Francesco Redi.

Question 19

What was the mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving sources?

Answer 19

Spontaneous generation.

Question 20

What French chemist who lived in the mid-1800s designed another experiment to test spontaneous generation?

Answer 20

Louis Pasteurs.

Question 21

What do living things need to survive?

Answer 21

All living things must satisfy their basic needs for food, water, living space, and stable internal conditions.

Question 22

What are organisms that make their own food called?

Answer 22

Autotrophs.

Question 23

Organisms that cannot make their own food are called what?

Answer 23

Heterotrophs.

Question 24

What are some examples of heterotrophs?

Answer 24

Animals, mushrooms, and slime.

Question 25

Why do organisms need water?

Answer 25

Organisms need water to obtain chemicals from their surroundings, break down food, grow, move substances within their bodies, and reproduce.

Question 26

Why do organisms need living space?

Answer 26

It provides a place to get food and water and find shelter.

Question 27

What is the maintenance of stable internal conditions?

Answer 27

Homeostasis.

Question 28

What does homeostasis do?

Answer 28

Homeostasis keeps internal conditions just right for your cells to function.