Chapter 3/ Lesson 1&2 Flashcards
Known as one of the most crucial processes in curriculum development.
Curriculum implementation
Curriculum implementation is the interaction between the curriculum that has been written and planned where the teachers are in charge of delivering it.
Ornstein and Hunkins (1998)
curriculum implementation as trying out of a new practice and what it looks like when used in a school System.
Loucks and Lieberman (1983)
- Implementation is not merely an extension of planning and adoption processes but a phenomenon in its own right.
Fullan & Pomfret (1977)
Three key factors that are essential yet often overlooked in implementing a new curriculum. (The Elementary School Journal Vol. 87, No.1)
1.the realization that various types of actions that support teachers will be required.
2.the identification of who should be responsible for facilitating the changes that teachers will make
3.an understanding of facilitators that change takes a great deal of time and implementation takes several years, even under the best circumstances
The current curriculum shall be substituted or replaced by a new one. Sometimes, we call this a complete overhaul. Example: Changing an old book to an entirely new one, not merely a revision
Substitution
The current or existing curriculum has minor changes. Example: Instead of using a graphing paper for mathematics teaching, this can be altered using a graphing calculator
Alteration
Building a new structure would mean significant change or modification in the school system, degree program, or educational system. Example: Making use of an integrated curriculum for the whole school for K to 12requires both primary and secondary levels to work in
coordination.
Restructuring
These are disruptive changes where teachers
have to adjust to them within a reasonably short time.
Example: If the principal changes the schedule because there is a need to catch up with the national testing time, the teacher must shorten the schedule to accommodate unplanned extracurricular activities.
Perturbations
Responds shift in the emphasis that the teacher provides, which are not within the school’s mission or vision or vice versa. Example: When new teachers who are recruited in religious schools give emphasis on academics and forget the formation of values of faith, they need a curriculum value orientation.
Value orientation
ELEMENTS OF CURRICULUM CHANGE
1.Developmental
2.Participatory
3.Supportive
According to _____ teachers in public elementary and secondary school will not be required to prepare their detailed learning plans
DepEd Order No. 70 s, 2012,
The utilization of instructional materials, facilities, equipment, and a conducive learning environment should be made available to process change in curriculum implementation.
Supportive
allows curriculum implementation to succeed. Stakeholders play a role in curriculum change and implementation.
Participatory
This element should develop multi-perspective and make learning autonomous. Teacher support in taking the new task, reflection on the unique experiences, and the challenge are necessary
Developmental
On the other hand, teachers with less than two years of teaching experience must prepare Daily Lesson Plans, including the following:
Objectives
Subject Matter
Procedure
Assessment
Assignment
LEVELS OF KNOWLEDGE
1.Factual Knowledge
2.Conceptual knowledge
3.Procedural knowledge
4.Metacognitive knowledge
-ideas, information, or data. Examples: William Shakespeare, 6 x 2 = 12,>=<, exercise is associated to maintaining good physical health, etc
Factual Knowledge
ideas are known by common name, standard features, multiple specific examples could be concrete or abstract. Concepts refer to facts that interrelate with each other to function together. Examples: classifications and categories, principles and generalizations, theories. models, structures.
Conceptual knowledge
refer to how things work, step-by-step actions or procedure, methods of inquiry. Examples: steps on how to bake a cake, how to ride a bicycle, step-by-step guide in conducting a filtration experiment.
Procedural knowledge
is the knowledge of cognition, pertains to the awareness of knowledge of one’s cognition, “thinking about thinking.” Examples: knowing when to use mnemonics, paraphrasing, summarizing. questioning, and others.
Metacognitive knowledge
SM comes from a body of knowledge, which could be facts, concepts, procedures, and metacognition. It is the WHAT in teaching
Subject Matter or Content
is the crux of curriculum implementation. How a teacher will put life to the intended outcomes and the subject matter to be used depends on this component.
Procedure or Methods and Strategies
Guided Exploratory/Discovery. Approach, Inquiry Method, Problem-based Learning (PBL), Project method.
Direct Demonstration Methods
Peer Tutoring, Learning Action Cells, Think-Pair-Share
Cooperative Learning Approaches:
Project method, Inquiry-based Learning.
Deductive or Inductive Approaches:
