Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P I at Bmcc > Chapter 3/ lab 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 3/ lab 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Chapter 3 lecture

what does the cell theory say?

A

all organsim are composed of cells and cell products
simplest structure and functional unit of life
all orgasim activity are due cells
come from pre existing matter
all species have funfamental similarities in chemical composition and metabolic mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

chapter 3 lecture

cell facts

A

human cell size are 10-15 micrometers
egg cell very large 100 micrometer
nerve cell 1 meter long. longest human cell
cell growth increases volume more than surface area
can rupter if too big

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is cytoplasm

A

fluid b/w the nucleus and surface membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is resolution

A

ability to reveal detail of electron microscopes reveals ultrastructure

reveals ultrastructure etc. organelles, cytoskeleton and cytosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

chapter 3

what is resoluton?

A

it allows us to reveal finer details in a microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is the cell membrane?

A

it is made of protiens and lipids and it surrounds the cells.
composition can vary from one region of the cell to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what does cytoplasm constitute

A

has organelles, cytoskeleton, cytosol (intracellular fluid- icf)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is extracellular fluid?

A

it is fluid outside of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is the unit membrane?

A

forms border of cell and many of its organelles

appears as a pair of dark parallel lines around cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

chapter 3 lecture

describe the plasma membrane

A

defines the cell bounderies, goversn interaction with cells, controls passage of materials in and out of cell
has an intracellular face that faces cyoplasm
has extracellular face that faces outward
has an oily film of lipids with diverse proteins embedded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are membrane receptors

A

it allows for cell communication via chemical signals
these protiens are located on plasma membrane
binds to hormone, neurotrsnsmitter chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are membrane enzymes

A

in plasma membrane, they carry out final stages of starch and protein digestion in small intestine
helps produce second messengers (cAMP)
break down chemical messengers and hormones whose have finished their jobs
stops excessive stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are ion channels

A

they are transmembrane proteins with pores
allows h2o and dissolved ions to pass through membrane
some open, some are gate channels that open and close though stimuli
plays important in timing of nerve signals and muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are some gated channels?

A

ligand-chemically regulated gates)
volatage regulated gates
mechanically regulated gates (stretch and pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what do transmembrane carriers do

A

they bind to glucose, electrolytes and other solutes and transfers them across the membrane and uses ATP

also know as pumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are glycocalyx?

A

they are cell identy markers with carbohydrate surface coating. enables our body to identify which cells belong to which foreign invaders

17
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what contributes to the glycocalyx

A

Glycoproteins contribute the surface

18
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what do cell adhesion molecules do?

A

adhere cell to each other and to extracellur material
cells can’t grow or survive unless mechanically linked to E.C.F

19
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what else does glycocalyx have

A

has fuzzy unique coat external to plasma membrane
Carbohydrate moiety of glycoproteins/glycolipids
unique in all except twins

20
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are glycocalyx functions

A

protects, immunity, cancer defense, cell adhesion, fertilization, transplant comp, embryo develop.

21
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are microvilli

A

extension of membrane to increase surface area up to 15-40
specialize to absorb

22
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are cilia

A

single non motile primary antenna for monitoring near by conditons

23
Q

chapter 3 lecture

where can cilia be located

A

in the ear for sensory, retina, nasal cavity, and kidney

24
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what do motile cilia do?

A

sweeps substances across surface in same direction
can do power strokes followed by recovery strokes
they beat in waves to move

25
Q

chapter 3 lecture

describe cystic fibrosis

A

a hereditary disease that does not install choride pumps in plasma membrane. A saline layer exist due t the action of chloride pumps moving chloride out if cells
the thick mucus created by the disease plugs pancreatic ducts snd rerspiratory tract
digestion of nutrients becomes inadequate and absorption of oxygen
chronic respitory infections
life expectancy of 30

no pumps in membrane then no saline layer that gets created by pumps

26
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are flagella

A

sperm tail and functional, moves like snake, longer than cilia and has no recovery stroke

27
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is plasma membrane

A

a barrier and a gateway betwen the cytoplasm and ECF and has a selective permeable

28
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is passive transport mechanism

A

it requires not atp but uses random molecular motion of particles provides energy
provides filtration diffusion and osmosis

29
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is active transport mechanism

A

consumes atp and includes active transport and vesicular transport

30
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is carrier mediated mechanisms

A

it uses membrane protein to transport substances from one side of the membrane to the other side

31
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is filtration

A

particles are driven trhough selectively permeable membrane by hydrostatic pressure
ex. filtration of nutrients through gap blood capillary walls into tissue, also waste from blood in the kidneys while holding back cells and proteins

hydrostatic pressure (force exerted on a membrane by water)

32
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what is simple diffusion

A

the net movement of particles from area of high concentrion to area of low or movement down the concentration gradient

this is due to constant spontaneous motion

33
Q

chapter 3 lecture

factors affecting diffusion rates

A

temp increase= particle movement increase
molecular movement=bigger means slower
steepness concentrated gradient-the bigger the difference the faster the rate.
membrane surface area- the greater the surface area the faster the rate
membrane permeability-the more permeable the ion the high the rate. cells can change their permeability by adding channel proteins, or opening and closing gates

34
Q

what diffuses through lipid bilayer

A

nonpolar, hydrophobic, lipid soluble substances

35
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what diffuses through channel proteins

A

water, charged hydrophilic solutes

36
Q

chapter 3 lecture

what are aquaporins

A

channel proteins specialized for passage of water

37
Q
A

A&P I at Bmcc (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions