chapter 3 key terms

Question 1

psychosocial needs

Answer 1

needs that involve social interaction, emotions, intellect, and spirituality.

Question 2

masturbation

Answer 2

to touch or rub sexual organs in order to give oneself or another person sexual pleasure.

Question 3

holistic care

Answer 3

a type of care that involves caring for the whole person—the mind as well as the body.

Question 4

cultural diversity

Answer 4

the different groups of people with varied backgrounds and experiences who live together in the world.

Question 5

bias

Answer 5

prejudice

Question 6

race

Answer 6

grouping of people based on physical characteristics shared by people with common ancestry.

Question 7

ethnicity

Answer 7

one aspect of a person’s identity, often reflecting a combination of race, culture, language, nationality, and other factors.

Question 8

cognitive

Answer 8

related to thinking and learning.

Question 9

ageism

Answer 9

prejudice toward, stereotyping of, and/or discrimination against older persons or the elderly

Question 10

developmental disabilities

Answer 10

disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during childhood up to age 22 that restrict physical and/or mental ability.

Question 11

depression

Answer 11

type of mood disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite as well as other symptoms; also called major depressive disorder or clinical depression.

Question 12

apathy

Answer 12

a lack of interest in activities.

Question 13

bipolar disorder

Answer 13

a mental health disorder that causes a person to swing from periods of deep depression (a depressive episode) to periods of extreme activity (a manic episode).

Question 14

anxiety

Answer 14

uneasiness, worry, or fear, often about a situation or condition.

Question 15

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 15

an anxiety disorder that is characterized by anxiety and worry, even when there is no cause for those feelings.

Question 16

panic disorder

Answer 16

a disorder characterized by a person having regular panic attacks or living with constant anxiety about having another attack.

Question 17

social anxiety disorder

Answer 17

a disorder in which a person has excessive anxiety about social situations.

Question 18

phobia

Answer 18

an intense irrational fear of or anxiety about an object, place, or situation.

Question 19

obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer 19

an anxiety disorder characterized by obsessive behavior or thoughts which may cause the person to repeatedly perform a behavior or routine.

Question 20

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 20

an anxiety disorder caused by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic experience.

Question 21

schizophrenia

Answer 21

a type of psychotic disorder that causes problems with thinking, communication, and the ability to manage emotions, make decisions, and understand reality.

Question 22

hallucinations

Answer 22

false or distorted sensory perceptions.

Question 23

delusions

Answer 23

persistent false beliefs.

Question 24

psychotherapy

Answer 24

a method of treating mental health disorders that involves talking about one’s problems with mental health professionals.

Question 25

cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

Answer 25

a type of psychotherapy that is often used to treat anxiety disorders and depression and focuses on skills and solutions that a person can use to modify negative thinking and behavior patterns.

Question 26

terminal illness

Answer 26

a disease or condition that will eventually cause death.

Question 27

grief

Answer 27

deep distress or sorrow over a loss.

Question 28

advance directives

Answer 28

legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves.

Question 29

living will

Answer 29

a document that outlines the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case she becomes unable to make those decisions.

Question 30

durable power of attorney for health care

Answer 30

a signed, dated, and witnessed legal document that appoints someone else to make the medical decisions for a person in the event he or she becomes unable to do so.

Question 31

do-not-resuscitate (DNR)

Answer 31

a medical order that instructs medical professionals not to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the event of cardiac or respiratory arrest.

Question 32

Cheyne-Stokes

Answer 32

alternating periods of slow, irregular breathing and rapid, shallow breathing, along with periods of not breathing.

Question 33

postmortem care

Answer 33

care of the body after death.

Question 34

hospice care

Answer 34

holistic, compassionate care given to people who have approximately six months or less to live.

Question 35

palliative care

Answer 35

care given to people who have serious diseases or who are dying that emphasizes relieving pain, controlling symptoms, and preventing side effects.