chapter 3 key terms Flashcards
physiological needs
needs that relate to the processes and activities that keep living things alive.
psychosocial needs:
needs that involve social interaction, emotions, intellect, and spirituality.
masturbation
to touch or rub sexual organs in order to give oneself or another person sexual
holistic care:
a type of care that involves caring for the whole person—the mind as well as the body.
cultural diversity
the different groups of people with varied backgrounds and experiences who live together in the world.
bias
prejudice
prejudice
grouping of people based on physical characteristics shared by people with common ancestry.
ethnicity
one aspect of a person’s identity, often reflecting a combination of race, culture, language, nationality, and other factors.
cognitive
related to thinking and learning.
ageism
prejudice toward, stereotyping of, and/or discrimination against older persons or the elderly
developmental disabilities
disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during childhood up to age 22 that restrict physical and/or mental ability.
depression
type of mood disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite as well as other symptoms; also called major depressive disorder or clinical depression.
apathy
a lack of interest in activities.
bipolar disorder
a mental health disorder that causes a person to swing from periods of deep depression (a depressive episode) to periods of extreme activity (a manic episode).
anxiety
uneasiness, worry, or fear, often about a situation or condition.
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
an anxiety disorder that is characterized by anxiety and worry, even when there is no cause for those feelings.
panic disorder
a disorder characterized by a person having regular panic attacks or living with constant anxiety about having another attack.
social anxiety disorder
a disorder in which a person has excessive anxiety about social situations.
phobia
an intense irrational fear of or anxiety about an object, place, or situation.
obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
an anxiety disorder characterized by obsessive behavior or thoughts which may cause the person to repeatedly perform a behavior or routine.
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD):
an anxiety disorder caused by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic experience.
schizophrenia
a type of psychotic disorder that causes problems with thinking, communication, and the ability to manage emotions, make decisions, and understand reality.
hallucinations
false or distorted sensory perceptions.
delusions
persistent false beliefs.
psychotherapy
a method of treating mental health disorders that involves talking about one’s problems with mental health professionals.
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT):
a type of psychotherapy that is often used to treat anxiety disorders and depression and focuses on skills and solutions that a person can use to modify negative thinking and behavior patterns.
terminal illness:
a disease or condition that will eventually cause death.
grief
deep distress or sorrow over a loss.
advance directives:
legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves.
living will
a document that outlines the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case she becomes unable to make those decisions.
durable power of attorney for health care
a signed, dated, and witnessed legal document that appoints someone else to make the medical decisions for a person in the event he or she becomes unable to do so.
do-not-resuscitate (DNR)
a medical order that instructs medical professionals not to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the event of cardiac or respiratory arrest.
Cheyne-Stokes
alternating periods of slow, irregular breathing and rapid, shallow breathing, along with periods of not breathing.
postmortem care
care of the body after death.
hospice care:
holistic, compassionate care given to people who have approximately six months or less to live.
palliative care:
care given to people who have serious diseases or who are dying that emphasizes relieving pain, controlling symptoms, and preventing side effects.
