chapter 3 key terms Flashcards
geosphere
any of the almost spherical concentric regions of matter that make up the earth and its atmosphere, as the lithosphere and hydrosphere.
hydrosphere
hydrosphere
crust
the tough outer part of a loaf of bread.
mantle
a loose sleeveless cloak or shawl, worn especially by women.
core
he tough central part of various fruits, containing the seeds.
lithosphere
the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
asthenosphere
the upper layer of the earth’s mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.
tectonic plate
Earth’s thin outer shell is broken into big pieces called tectonic plates. These plates fit together like a puzzle, but they’re not stuck in one place.
chemical
relating to chemistry, or the interactions of substances as studied in chemistry.
weathering
the process of wearing or being worn by long exposure to the atmosphere.
erosion
the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
atmosphere
Atmosphere is an American hip hop duo from Minneapolis, Minnesota, consisting of rapper Slug and DJ/producer Ant.
troposphere
The troposphere is the first and lowest layer of the atmosphere of the Earth, and contains 75% of the total mass of the planetary atmosphere, 9
stratosphere
The stratosphere is a layer of Earth’s atmosphere. It is the second layer of the atmosphere as you go upward
azone
Azone” is a term in mythology anciently applied to gods and goddesses that were not the private divinities of any particular country or people. Azones were acknowledged as deities in every country, and worshipped in every nation.
radiation
the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization.
conduction
the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material.
convection
the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat.
green house effect
the trapping of the sun’s warmth in a planet’s lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet’s surface.
water cycle
the cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth’s oceans, atmosphere, and land, involving precipitation as rain and snow, drainage in streams and rivers, and return to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration.
evaporation
Evaporation happens when a liquid turns into a gas. … When liquid water reaches a low enough temperature, it freezes and becomes a solid—ice. When solid water is exposed to enough heat, it will melt and return to a liquid. As that liquid water is further heated,
condensation
Condensation is the change of water from its gaseous form (water vapor) into liquid water. Condensation generally occurs in the atmosphere when warm air rises, cools and looses its capacity to hold water vapor. As a result, excess water vapor condenses to form cloud droplets.
precipitation
the action or process of precipitating a substance from a solution.
salinity
The quality or degree of being saline. ‘the salinity of the water is high’ ‘low salinities occur in the Baltic’ ‘There’s been a quiet revolution in the science supporting salinity which perhaps hasn’t been widely enough appreciated yet. ‘
freshwater
of or found in fresh water; not of the sea.
biosphere
the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms.
