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1 Samuel Hebrew > Chapter 3 - grammar points > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - grammar points Flashcards

1
Q

מְשָׁרֵ֥ת

A

a server - piel pt masc sing of sharut - dagesh rejected - reshes reject dagesh fortes / qamets shows the dagesh that isn’t there

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2
Q

יָקָר֙

A

precious / rare

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3
Q

נִפְרָֽץ׃

A

being spread about - niphal pt as seen by the qamets / ms sing from parutz - modifying “vision” (wide spread visions) - has a silluq accent

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4
Q

:

A

sof pasuch - major disjunctive accent

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5
Q

נִפְרָֽץ

A

accent underneath is a silluq - near subordinate accent - must be the preceding word to the sof pasuch

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6
Q

עֵלִ֑י

A

accent is an athnach - far subordinate accent - these two mark up the two major divisions of the verse . . .

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7
Q

יְהוָ֖ה

A

tiphchah - must occur one or at most two words in front of the athnach - the near subordinate accent to the athnach

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8
Q

שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל

A

tebir - marks off the subject of the nominal clause - near subordinate accent to the tiphchah - looks like a J with a dot inside - a minor disjunctive accent - disjunctives give us syntactic and semantic breaks to break up the sentence

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9
Q

הָהֵ֔ם

A

zaqef qaton - remote subordinate accent - separates the sentence - from the athnach

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10
Q

יָקָר֙

A

pashta - sets off the near subordinate of the zaqef qaton - a minor disjunctive accent - looks like an upside down J

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11
Q

יְהוָ֗ה

A

rebia - remote / far subordinate (demarcate after the accents) looks like a diamond -

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12
Q

וְהַנַּ֧עַר

A

darga - combines young boy with Samuel

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13
Q

מְשָׁרֵ֥ת

A

mereka - conjunctive accent - runs the word together with the following word

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14
Q

לִפְנֵ֣י

A

munach - conjunctive accent - runs together with the following word

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15
Q

דְבַר־יְהוָ֗ה

A

maqqef

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16
Q

הָיָ֤ה

A

mahpak - conjunctive accent - joins to the next word - arrow facing left

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17
Q

ketiv

A

what was written

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18
Q

qere

A

what is read (in brackets)

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19
Q

הֵחֵלּוּ

A

begin from chalul

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20
Q

כֵהוֹת

A

adjective - dim (to be) predicate adj.

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21
Q

וְנֵר

A

lamp

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22
Q

טֶרֶם

A

not yet

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23
Q

יִכְבֶּה

A

go out

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24
Q

וַיָּ֣רָץ

A

he ran - from rootz - qamets hatuf - shureq - reduces to a holem

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25
שְׁכָ֑ב
lie down
26
כִּֽי־קָרָ֣אתָ לִּ֔י
because you called me - a ground / reason clause - alephs quiesc the silent schwa - the tav loses the dagesh lene
27
וַיִּשְׁכָּֽב
silluq - heavy disjunctive accent - causes a qamets
28
וַיֹּ֣סֶף
he added - hiphil vci 3rd sing - waw yodh verb - the waw is eliminated - JIIVE take tsere - jussive imv 2ms inf absolute waw consecutive - here shortened to segol because accent moved to preformative because it is a waw consecutive
29
עוֹד֮
a zarka accent - in BHS looks like an upside down J
30
שְׁמוּאֵל֙
segolta accent - substitutes from a zaqef qaton in longer sentences - a triangle of three dots - with one dot on top
31
טֶ֖רֶם
before
32
יִגָּלֶ֥ה
it was revealed
33
וּשְׁמוּאֵ֕ל
zaqef gadol - far subjunctive accent
34
קְרֹא
inf construct - object - a calling of Samuel
35
בַּשְּׁלִשִׁית֒
in relation to the third time
36
וַיָּ֣בֶן
and then (Eli) perceived - from banah - vci
37
קֹרֵ֥א
qal act part - often used descriptively - the Lord was a caller
38
לַנָּֽעַר
lamedh supplants the definite article - THE young boy
39
וַיָּ֙קָם֙
double pashta - when accent is not on final syllable
40
בִּמְקוֹמֽוֹ
locative prepositional phrase - in his place
41
וַיִּתְיַצַּ֔ב
and stationed himself / and stood - hithpael imp 3ms - of yatsuv -
42
כְפַֽעַם־בְּפַ֖עַם
as a time in a time - as at other times /
43
דַּבֵּ֔ר
piel imv
44
שְׁמוּאֵ֣ל׀
a legarmeh - a very weak disjunctive accent - straight line after the word - and the bracket
45
תְּצִלֶּ֖ינָה
they will tingle - qal impf 3fp - from tsalul - dagesh shows a geminated root - (two ears - feminine)
46
שְׁתֵּ֥י
two
47
עֹשֶׂ֥ה
inceptive participle - in the future - i am about to do . . .
48
שֹׁ֣מְע֔וֹ
qal pt - 3 masc sing suffix
49
אָקִ֣ים
hiphil impf - i will cause to arise - i will establish from qoom -
50
אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ
over / for his house
51
הָחֵ֖ל
inf abs of chalel - hiphil - takes tsere in in JIIVE forms - instead of a normal hireq yodh - beginning - has a tiphcha - separates the infinitives semantically
52
כַלֵּֽה
from chalah - inf. abs. to complete - (beginning and end) all of it will be established - forms a merism - reps entirety of what God spoke against Eli's house
53
מְקַֽלְלִ֤ים
blasphemers - piel participle - mas plural absolute - no dagesh in the r2 - sybbolants / nun mim lamadh vav and yodh with vocal schwa will omit dagesh forte . . .
54
כִהָ֖ה
rebuke / restrain - piel perfect 3ms - only occurrence of this verb in the bible - hey in r2 implies dagesh forte because there is no compensitory lengthening of the vowel
55
וְהִגַּ֣דְתִּי
hiphil pf 1cs - of nagud - to declare - r1nun verb - initial nun assimilates into dagesh forte
56
נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי
i have sworn - i swear - completed action - niphal perfect - 1st singular - dagesh lene in the beth is only because of the short vowel preceding
57
יִתְכַּפֵּ֞ר
make atonement for - hithpael 3ms impf (missing curse prior to this phrase - "May the Lord do so to me and more also . . "
58
בְּזֶ֥בַח וּבְמִנְחָ֖ה
beth of means or instrument - "by means of" sacrifice or offering
59
תְכַּפֵּ֞ר
gershaiim - disjunctive accent - slight break - from subject to the verb
60
וַיִּפְתַּ֖ח
and he opened
61
דַּלְת֣וֹת
doors - the doors - it is definite because it is connected to the house of the lord - THE doors -
62
מֵהַגִּ֥יד
infinitive - object of fearing - to tell - "from declaring" - now Samuel was afraid to tell - min is used to express the object - what is feared
63
תְכַחֵ֖ד
hide - piel impf 2 ms - jussive in meaning - 2nd person volative - expressing Eli's wish or desire
64
דִּבֶּ֣ר
speak - piel perfect 3ms
65
וַיֹּאמַ֕ר יְהוָ֣ה ה֔וּא
zaqef gadol - puts a word in pause - and then he said, "He is the Lord" - NOT - the Lord said
66
הִפִּ֥יל
hiphil perfect 3ms from naphul - cause to fall / he did not let fall - r1 nun assimilates into a dagesh forte
67
אָֽרְצָה
unaccented final sylable shows this is a directional / accusative heh (feminine is accented)
68
כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
collective singular
69
נֶאֱמָ֣ן
Samuel was trusted . . . was established . . . niphal perfect 3ms of amun - r1 gutteral aleph - switches the schwa - to mirror the seghol in the performative vowel of the niphal
70
לְנָבִ֖יא
as a prophet - accusative of situation (of the Lord)
71
וַיֹּ֥סֶף
hiphil impf 3ms - from yasuph - to add
72
לְהֵרָאֹ֣ה
niphal inf. construct of rahah - not trans as a true inf. part of the larger idiom - then the lord added a being seen - then the lord was seen again - the lord appeared again
73
נִגְלָ֨ה
niphal impf 3 ms - galah - to uncover or reveal - the lord revealed himself
74
בִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃
bet of means or instrument

1 Samuel Hebrew (6 decks)

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