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Medical Terminology > Chapter 3 - Gastroenterology > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Gastroenterology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

gastr/o-

A

stomach

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2
Q

What are the two combining forms for “tongue?”

A

gloss/o-

lingu/o-

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3
Q

What is hematemesis?

A

vomiting blood

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4
Q

Describe the esophagus.

A

The esophagus is a flexible, 10-inch tube located between the pharynx and stomach. It moves food from the pharynx to the stomach.

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5
Q

What are the two combining forms for “rectum?”

A

rect/o-

proct/o-

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6
Q

Where is the gallbladder located in relation to other surrounding organs?

A

posterior to the liver

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7
Q

ventr/o-

A

abdomen; front

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8
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge; flow

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9
Q

What are the two combining forms for “intestine?”

A

intestin/o-

enter/o-

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10
Q

ABD, abd

A

abdomen

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11
Q

ALP

A

alkaline phosphatase

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12
Q

ALT

A

alanine aminotransferase; alanine transaminase

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13
Q

AST

A

aspartate aminotransferase; aspartate transaminase

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14
Q

BE

A

barium enema

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15
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

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16
Q

CAT, CT

A

computerized axial tomography

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17
Q

CBD

A

common bile duct

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18
Q

CLO

A

Campylobacter-like organism

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19
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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20
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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21
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

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22
Q

GGTP, GGT

A

gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase

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23
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

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24
Q

HAV

A

hepatitis A virus

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25
Q

HBV

A

hepatitis B virus

26
Q

HCV

A

hepatitis C virus

27
Q

IBD

A

inflammatory bowel disease

28
Q

IBS

A

irritable bowel syndrome

29
Q

LFTs

A

liver function tests

30
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

31
Q

N&V

A

nausea and vomiting

32
Q

NG

A

nasogastric

33
Q

O&P

A

ova and parasites

34
Q

OCG

A

oral cholecystogram; oral cholecystography

35
Q

PEG

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

36
Q

PEJ

A

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy

37
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

38
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

39
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

40
Q

UGI

A

upper gastrointestinal

41
Q

Which part of the GI tract contains the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon?

A

large intestine

42
Q

What is hematochezia?

A

blood in the feces

43
Q

Which tube is inserted through the abdominal wall into the jejunum?

A

PEJ tube

44
Q

-stomy

A

surgically created opening

45
Q

Where is the gallbladder located?

A

posterior to the liver

46
Q

What is diverticulitis?

A

when feces gets trapped in diverticula

47
Q

How does a hernia occur?

A

A defect or weakness in the diaphragm or abdominal wall allows intestine or peritoneum to bulge through.

48
Q

What is an incarcerated hernia?

A

when intestine becomes trapped within the hernia sac

49
Q

stomat/o-

A

mouth

50
Q

What is the term for infection caused by poorly-fitting dentures?

A

stomatitis

51
Q

purul/o-

A

pus

52
Q

-ent

A

pertaining to

53
Q

Which organ is yellow, elongated, and triangular?

A

pancreas

54
Q

Where is the pancreas located?

A

posterior to the stomach

55
Q

append/o-

A

small structure hanging from a larger structure

56
Q

cirrh/o-

A

yellow

57
Q

What is an NG tube used for?

A
  1. drain stomach secretions
  2. take stomach acid samples
  3. give feedings or drugs to patients
58
Q

dys-

A

abnormal; difficult; painful

59
Q

phag/o-

A

eating; swallowing

60
Q

cholecyst/o-

A

gallbladder

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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