Chapter 3 - Gastroenterology

Question 1

gastr/o-

Answer 1

stomach

Question 2

What are the two combining forms for “tongue?”

Answer 2

gloss/o-

lingu/o-

Question 3

What is hematemesis?

Answer 3

vomiting blood

Question 4

Describe the esophagus.

Answer 4

The esophagus is a flexible, 10-inch tube located between the pharynx and stomach. It moves food from the pharynx to the stomach.

Question 5

What are the two combining forms for “rectum?”

Answer 5

rect/o-

proct/o-

Question 6

Where is the gallbladder located in relation to other surrounding organs?

Answer 6

posterior to the liver

Question 7

ventr/o-

Answer 7

abdomen; front

Question 8

-rrhea

Answer 8

discharge; flow

Question 9

What are the two combining forms for “intestine?”

Answer 9

intestin/o-

enter/o-

Question 10

ABD, abd

Answer 10

abdomen

Question 11

ALP

Answer 11

alkaline phosphatase

Question 12

ALT

Answer 12

alanine aminotransferase; alanine transaminase

Question 13

AST

Answer 13

aspartate aminotransferase; aspartate transaminase

Question 14

BE

Answer 14

barium enema

Question 15

BM

Answer 15

bowel movement

Question 16

CAT, CT

Answer 16

computerized axial tomography

Question 17

CBD

Answer 17

common bile duct

Question 18

CLO

Answer 18

Campylobacter-like organism

Question 19

EGD

Answer 19

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Question 20

ERCP

Answer 20

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Question 21

GERD

Answer 21

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 22

GGTP, GGT

Answer 22

gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase

Question 23

GI

Answer 23

gastrointestinal

Question 24

HAV

Answer 24

hepatitis A virus

Question 25

HBV

Answer 25

hepatitis B virus

Question 26

HCV

Answer 26

hepatitis C virus

Question 27

IBD

Answer 27

inflammatory bowel disease

Question 28

IBS

Answer 28

irritable bowel syndrome

Question 29

LFTs

Answer 29

liver function tests

Question 30

MRI

Answer 30

magnetic resonance imaging

Question 31

N&V

Answer 31

nausea and vomiting

Question 32

NG

Answer 32

nasogastric

Question 33

O&P

Answer 33

ova and parasites

Question 34

OCG

Answer 34

oral cholecystogram; oral cholecystography

Question 35

PEG

Answer 35

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Question 36

PEJ

Answer 36

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy

Question 37

PUD

Answer 37

peptic ulcer disease

Question 38

RLQ

Answer 38

right lower quadrant

Question 39

RUQ

Answer 39

right upper quadrant

Question 40

UGI

Answer 40

upper gastrointestinal

Question 41

Which part of the GI tract contains the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon?

Answer 41

large intestine

Question 42

What is hematochezia?

Answer 42

blood in the feces

Question 43

Which tube is inserted through the abdominal wall into the jejunum?

Answer 43

PEJ tube

Question 44

-stomy

Answer 44

surgically created opening

Question 45

Where is the gallbladder located?

Answer 45

posterior to the liver

Question 46

What is diverticulitis?

Answer 46

when feces gets trapped in diverticula

Question 47

How does a hernia occur?

Answer 47

A defect or weakness in the diaphragm or abdominal wall allows intestine or peritoneum to bulge through.

Question 48

What is an incarcerated hernia?

Answer 48

when intestine becomes trapped within the hernia sac

Question 49

stomat/o-

Answer 49

mouth

Question 50

What is the term for infection caused by poorly-fitting dentures?

Answer 50

stomatitis

Question 51

purul/o-

Answer 51

pus

Question 52

-ent

Answer 52

pertaining to

Question 53

Which organ is yellow, elongated, and triangular?

Answer 53

pancreas

Question 54

Where is the pancreas located?

Answer 54

posterior to the stomach

Question 55

append/o-

Answer 55

small structure hanging from a larger structure

Question 56

cirrh/o-

Answer 56

yellow

Question 57

What is an NG tube used for?

Answer 57

1. drain stomach secretions 2. take stomach acid samples 3. give feedings or drugs to patients

Question 58

dys-

Answer 58

abnormal; difficult; painful

Question 59

phag/o-

Answer 59

eating; swallowing

Question 60

cholecyst/o-

Answer 60

gallbladder