Chapter 2 - Dermatology Flashcards by Kasia Krywko

cutaneous

pertaining to skin

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What are the two layers of skin called?

dermis and epidermis

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epidermis

thin, outermost layer of skin

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Which layer of the skin is comprised of living cells that are constantly dividing and moving to the surface?

basal layer

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Which layer of the skin contains some living cells, but its surface cells are dead cells that are filled with keratin?

squamous layer

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keratin

a hard, fibrous protein

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melanocytes

pigment cells that produce melanin

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melanin

a dark brown or black pigment

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collagen

white protein fibers that make skin firm

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elastin

yellow fibers that make skin flexible

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sebaceous glands

oil glands in the dermis that secrete sebum

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What is the common name for sebum?

oil

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What are exocrine glands?

glands that secrete a substance through a duct

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What is the common name for sudoriferous glands?

sweat glands

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diaphoresis

the process of producing sweat

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What is piloerection?

when hair stands up due to skin being cold or strong emotions (goosebumps)

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What is the name of the outer layer of the fingernail or toenail composed of dead cells containing keratin?

nail plate

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What is the area located beneath the skin on the upper surface of the finger and toe called? It also produces the cells of the nail plate.

nail root

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What is the visible white, half-moon part of nails called?

lunula

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cuticle

layer of dead cells that lies along the proximal base of the nail

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nail bed

contains nerves and blood vessels; located beneath the nail plate

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subcutaneous tissue

directly beneath the dermis; comprised of connective tissue and adipose tissue

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What is adipose tissue?

fatty tissue

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What are lipocytes?

fat cells

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carbon monoxide

CO2

carbon dioxide

HAI

healthcare-associated infection

biopsy

C&S

culture and sensitivity

derm (short for)

dermatology

HSV

herpes simplex virus

I&D

incision and drainage

IgE

immunoglobulin E

PDT

photodynamic therapy

PUVA

psoralen (drug) and ultraviolet A (light therapy)

SLE

systemic lupus erythematosus

subcutaneous

subcu

subcutaneous

subQ

subcutaneous

UVB

ultraviolet light B

What is an eschar?

a thick scar of necrotic tissue that forms a full-thickness burn

What is necrosis?

abnormal condition of dead tissue

List the six autoimmune disorders affecting the skin.

1. Psoriasis 2. Scleroderma 3. Systemic lupus erythematous 4. Acne vulgaris 5. Rosacea 6. Seborrhea

What is xeroderma?

excessive dryness of the skin

cis/o-

cut

abras/o-

scrape off

alopec/o-

bald

-rrhage

excessive discharge; excessive flow

adip/o-

fat

lip/o-

fat

lacer/o-

tearing

What are the six combining forms for skin?

1. cutane/o- 2. cut/i- 3. derm/a- 4. dermat/o- 5. derm/o- 6. integument/o-

What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?

basal layer

-plasty

process of reshaping by surgery

-cyte

cell

What are the three terms for a pressure injury?

1. pressure ulcer 2. bedsore 3. decubitus ulcer

What is urticaria?

a local reaction to allergens

What terms are associated to urticaria?

hives, wheals, welts

albin/o-

white

cyan/o-

blue

erythemat/o-

redness

jaund/o-

yellow

necr/o-

dead body; dead tissue

What is a biopsy?

the process of viewing living tissue

allo-

other; strange

-graft

tissue for implant or transplant

syn-

together

What is homeostasis?

the process of maintaining balance, equilibrium, and stability of all body systems and their functions

What is diaphoresis?

the process through the skin to carry sweat

dia-

through

phor/o-

carry

What is the medical term for a scar?

cicatrix

prurit/o-

itching

What are petechiae?

pinpoint areas of blood caused by small ruptured blood vessels