Chapter 3 - Federalism Flashcards
Unitary Governments
A form of government in which all power resides in the central governing body
Intergovernmental Relations
The workings of the federal system
Federalism
A way of organizing a nation so that multiple levels of government have authority over the same region
Confederation
A form of government in which national government is weak and most power is under the control of component groups (for example, individual states)
Supremacy Clause
The answer to the general issue of whether the national or state government take precedence in the event of a conflict; that the Constitution was supreme law, with national laws beneath it, and treaties beneath those
McCulloch v. Maryland
A historical court case, occurring in 1819, arising over the issue of state versus national power. A state branch of a national bank was sued by the state (or more specifically, the cashier, James McCulloch, was sued) for avoiding state taxes levied on the branch by the state. Established national power over state.
Enumerated Powers
The powers held by congress specifically listed in Article 1 section 8 of the Constitution
Implied Powers
Powers given to Congress via the “make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers” phrase
Elastic Clause
That “necessary and proper” could be stretched without breaking; ie, that non-listed powers are given to Congress
Gibbens v. ogden
1824 case that defined commerce broadly to encompass almost all forms of commercial activity
Full Faith and Credit
That legal proceedings under licenses issued in one state are valid in all states, to public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every other state
Extradition
A practice in which criminals are required (by law) to be sent back to the state of offense. Though not usually enforced, compliance is the norm for social reasons
Privileges and Immunities
With the exception of voting and college tuition, citizens of one state in other states will be afforded the same rights and responsibilities of those residing in the state they are in
Duel Federalism
A form of government in which both forms of government are supreme in their spheres of influence
Cooperative Federalism
A form of government in which powers and policy are shared between state and national governments
