Chapter 3 FC Flashcards
What is a combination of 2 or more elements in definite ratio by mass?
Compounds
What are the two main types of compounds?
Ironic and molecular
What compounds consist of metal cations and nonmetal anions?
Ionic compounds
In what compounds does the oppositely charged ions become attracted by electrostatic forces to form ionic bonds.
Ionic compounds
What are compounds composed of just nonmetals?
Molecular compounds
Electrons are shared between bonding atoms to form covalent bonds in what compounds?
Molecular compounds
Molecular formulas shows the number of atoms of each element in a molecule, but not how they are _________ together.
Connected
What show the connectivity of the atoms and any chemically important groups in the molecule?
Structural formulas
What are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge?
Ions
Taking away 1 or more electrons from an atom gives a ________ with a positive charge.
Cation
Adding 1 or more electrons to an atom gives an _________ with a negative charge.
Anion
When an atom loses one or more electrons it’s a what formation?
Cation formation
When an atom gains one or more electrons it’s what formation?
Anion formation
What are composed of cations of metals and anions of nonmetals?
Ionic compounds
Cation + anion = ___________.
Ionic compound
Ionic compounds in the solid state form a regular 3-dimensional structure called a what?
Crystal
What are a class of molecular compounds contain carbon combined with other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen?
Organic compounds
____________ compounds make up the majority of all known compounds.
Organic
What compounds are composed of elements other than carbon?
Inorganic compounds
Inorganic compounds can be _________ or molecular.
Ionic
Metals lose electrons to form __________.
Cations
Nonmetals gain electrons to form ___________.
Anions
Metals in group 1A through 3A have atoms that want to obtain the same number of electrons as the nearest noble gas of lower atomic number.
Metals in group 1A through 3A have atoms that want to obtain the same number of electrons as the nearest noble gas of lower atomic number.
A prediction of charge is not possible for transition metals because they form cations of ___________ charges.
Different
Nonmetals atoms want to gain electrons to obtain the same number of electrons as the nearest noble gas of higher atomic number.
Nonmetals atoms want to gain electrons to obtain the same number of electrons as the nearest noble gas of higher atomic number.
The “ate” ending = __________ number of oxygen atoms.
Greater
“ite” ending = __________ number of oxygen atoms.
Lesser
When naming compounds, ionic compounds are name of the cation first then __________.
Anion
If a metal can have more than one type of positive ion use a Roman numeral indications the charge on _____________ following the name.
Parenthesis
If a metal can have more than one type of positive ion use a ___________ numeral indicating the charge.
Roman
For monoatomic anions add “_____” to the stem name.
ide
Binary molecular compound are composed of nonmetal or __________ elements.
Metalloid
For binary molecular compounds the _______ element listed is given the exact name.
First
For binary molecular compounds the __________ element is written as if it were a negative ion.
Second
Acids are molecular compounds that when dissolved in water _________ to produce H+ ions.
Ionize
Acids can be named by modifying the _____________ ion.
Polyatmoic
Ionic compounds with water molecules trapped in the crystal lattice of the compound are what?
Hydrated compounds
What is an intensive property?
A physical property
What is an extensive property?
An additive for subsystems
