Chapter 3: Energy, Catalysis And Biosythesis

Question 1

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

Energy is converted, not created or destroyed

Question 2

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 2

Entropy

Energy spontaneously tends to disperse

Question 3

What is Delta G?

Answer 3

G is free energy

Delta G is the change in free energy

Question 4

Delta G*

Answer 4

How far and in what direction a reaction must run in order to all reactants and products to 1.0 concentration.

Question 5

Keq

Answer 5

A constant for each chemical reaction

Question 6

Delta G and Keq

Answer 6

When Delta G > 0 and Keq < 1 , favors reactants

When Delta G <0 and Keq > 1 , favors products

Question 7

Coupled reactions

Answer 7

Energy is transferred from one side of the reaction to the other

Cells must obey the laws of chemistry and thermodynamics. Molecules can only change from high energy states to low states.

Question 8

Oxidation and reduction

Answer 8

Oxidation is losing E

Reduction is gaining E

Question 9

How do enzymes increase the rate of reactions

Answer 9

Enzymes lower activation energy

Question 10

Vmax and Km

Answer 10

Vmax: maximum rate of a enzyme catalysts reaction

Km: measure of how easily the enzyme can be saturated by the substrate.

The greater the value of Km, the more negative Delta G*

Question 11

Competitive Inhibition

Answer 11

Vmax is the same for normal enzyme, due to high substrate concentrations.

Km is larger

Question 12

Non competitive inhibition

Answer 12

Vmax is lower than normal enzyme

Km is the same