CHAPTER 3 - Eating Flashcards
The history of dinosaur evolution spans over
160 million years
What type of teeth did herbivores usually have?
thin, ridged or “leaf-shaped” teeth for shearing and broad, flat teeth for grinding.
what type of teeth did Carnivores usually have?
sharp pointed teeth for piercing, and sharp hooked claws for holding onto struggling prey. Most also have teeth with serrated edges
Serrations are
small sharp bumps on a tooth that are arranged in a line that usually runs from the tip to the base of the tooth.
Frugivores eat primarily
Fruit. The beak of a parrot is sharp and hooked (not unlike the beak of a carnivorous bird), because it needs to rip and tear apart the peels and protective husks of large tropical fruits.
Piscivores are
specialized carnivores that primarily eat fish. Piscivores tend to have tall, sharp, conical teeth that usually lack serrations.
Insectivores are
specialized carnivores that primarily eat insects.Some insectivores, like shrews and hedgehogs, have sharp piercing teeth for puncturing the chitinous exoskeletons of insects.many insectivores have weak jaws and reduced teeth.
durophagy
is the term for describing the eating behavior of animals that consume hard-shelled or exoskeleton bearing organisms, such as corals, shelled mollusks, or crabs. Durophagy requires special adaptions, such as blunt, strong teeth and a heavy jaw
Omnivores are
eat significant amounts of both meat and plants. Humans are a good example of an omnivore, as are pigs, most bears, rats, crows, and many turtles.
Resorption is
the chemical process by which a dinosaur breaks down its own teeth and bones so that the minerals and nutrients that compose them can be reused.
Cellulose
A compound that make up the walls of plant cells. Animals cannot digest cellulose on their own. Animals need help from bacteria that live within their stomach and intestines
Dental batteries are
arrangements of densely packed teeth that collectively form a single, large chewing surface,
the two groups of dinosaurs evolved dental batteries:
hadrosaurs and ceratopsians. (replaced their thousands of teeth very quickly)
enamel & dentine
usually covers the outside of a tooth & usually common on the inside of a tooth
The dental batteries of hadrosaurs and ceratopsians are unrelated meaning
they evolved independently, and hadrosaurs and ceratopsians do not share a common ancestor that possessed dental batteries