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Social Science > Chapter 3 - Developing the Whole Person > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Developing the Whole Person Flashcards

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1
Q
  • concept that individuals are complex beings who are heavily influenced by a variety of internal factors, both in and outside
A

Whole Person

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2
Q
  • is a whole person emphasizing the complete aspects of a person or his totality
  • to perceive a person as a whole organism
A

Holistic Development

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3
Q

2 Philosophical Theories:

A
  1. Dualism

2. Holism

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4
Q
  • concept that emphasizes the totality of a person
A

Holism

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5
Q
  • the philosophical view that mind and body are fundamentally distinct kinds of substances or natures
A

Mind and Body Dualism

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6
Q
  • one of the modern philosophers of our time, influenced much of mankind’s thinking with his theory of duality
A

Rene Descartes

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7
Q
  • understanding the nature of things in a simple, dual mode
A

Theory of Duality

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8
Q
  • separation of body and spirit
A

Western religion

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9
Q
  • separation of the mind and body
A

Study of human sciences

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10
Q
  • a concept of dualism describing how obviously opposite or contrary forces may actually be complementary, interconnected, interdependent in the natural world, and how they may give rise to each other as they interrelate to one another
  • each of the two elements are in a balanced state, coexist with each other, and can change or transmute into each other
A

Yin-Yang Symbol

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11
Q
  • duality is one that regards as rigidly the negation of the other, like black or white, good or bad, life or death, and mind and body
A

Western philosophy’s early understanding

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12
Q
  • In 1926, he wrote about holism in his book Holism and Evolution
  • a South-African statesman, military leader, and philosopher
  • Holism as “the tendency in nature to form wholes which are greater than the sum of the parts through creative evolution.” (Holism, 2018)
A

General Jan C. Smuts

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13
Q
  • Earlier in 1890, a German philosopher and psychologist ___ and later on supported by psychologists ___, ___, and ___ of the Berlin School, introduced the concept of Gestalt.
A
  1. Christian von Ehrehfels

2. Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, & Wolfgang Kohler

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14
Q
  • something that is made of many parts and yet is somehow more than or different from the combination of its parts; broadly, the general quality or character of something
  • German word that means whole
A

Gestalt

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15
Q
  • following a certain set of rules
A

Religious

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16
Q
  • does not mean you believe in a God, it can be nature
A

Spiritual

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17
Q

Various Aspects of Holistic Development of Persons: (5)

A
  1. physiological
  2. cognitive
  3. psychological
  4. social
  5. spiritual
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18
Q
  • refers to the physical body and how this affects the other aspects of a person
  • the physical attributes including the 5 senses
A

Physiological

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19
Q
  • refers to the thinking process of a person
  • the intellectual functions of the mind: thinking, recognizing, reasoning, analyzing, projecting, synthesizing, recalling, and assessing
A

Cognitive

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20
Q
  • refers to a person’s way of thinking, feeling, and behaving
  • how thinking, feeling, and behaving interact and happen in a person
A

Psychological

21
Q
  • refers to the relationships a person has with other people

- the manner by which an individual interacts with other individuals or groups

A

Social

22
Q
  • refers to the higher ideals, beliefs, and values a person adheres to which help guide the person in achieving personal happiness and self-fulfillment
  • attribute of a person’s consciousness and beliefs, including the values and virtues that guide and put meaning into a person’s life
A

Spiritual

23
Q
  • are biological instincts that humans experience such as hunger, thirst, and the like
A

Basic Drives

24
Q
  • is the various emotional experiences such as emotions, moods, and affective traits
A

Affect

25
Q

Paul Ekman’s 6 Basic Emotions that human beings experience: (Feist & Rosenberg, 2012)

A
  1. happiness
  2. sadness
  3. fear
  4. anger
  5. surprise
  6. disgust
26
Q

Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology at the University of Glasgow’s 4 basic emotions:

A
  1. happy
  2. sad
  3. afraid or surprised
  4. angry or disgusted
27
Q
  • taken from the Latin verb, “movare” which means to move or be upset or agitated
  • are usually caused by a physical sensation experienced by the body as reaction to a certain external stimulus
  • (Smith, 1973) variations in level of arousal, affective state or mood, expressive movements, and attitudes
A

Emotions

28
Q
  • are the result from the emotions that were experienced
  • arises from the brain as it interprets an emotion, which is usually caused by physical sensations experienced by the body as a reaction to a certain external stimulus (Dr. Antonio R. Damasio )
A

Feelings

29
Q
  • a persons thoughts feelings, and emotions about another person, object, idea, behavior, or situation
A

Attitudes

30
Q
  • is an outward manifestation or acting out of the attitudes an individual has
A

Behavior

31
Q
  • are a system of beliefs that adhere to the highest ideals of human existence
  • this ideals create meaning and purpose in a persons life that often resolves in personal happiness and self-fulfillment
A

Values

32
Q

UN’s universal values: (5)

A
  1. peace
  2. freedom
  3. social progress
  4. equal rights
  5. human dignity
33
Q

5 Core Values:

A
  1. Be Bold
  2. Focus on Impact
  3. Move Fast
  4. Be Open
  5. Build Social Value
34
Q
  • a psychologist and cross-cultural researcher from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
  • conducted a research which covered many different peoples and cultures to identify the 10 common values people have regardless of their racial and cultural backgrounds (Basic Human Values: Theory, Measurement, and Application)
A

Shalom H. Schwartz

35
Q

10 Basic Values:

A
  1. Self-direction
  2. Stimulation
  3. Hedonism
  4. Achievement
  5. Power
  6. Security
  7. Conformity
  8. Tradition
  9. Benevolence
  10. Universalism
36
Q
  • independent thought and action: choosing, creating, and exploring
A

Self-direction

37
Q
  • excitement, novelty, and challenge in life
A

Stimulation

38
Q
  • pleasure and sensuous gratification for oneself
A

Hedonism

39
Q
  • personal success through demonstrating competence according to social standards
A

Achievement

40
Q
  • social status and prestige, and control or dominance over people and resources
A

Power

41
Q
  • safety, harmony, and stability of society, of relationships, and of self
A

Security

42
Q
  • restraint of actions, inclinations, and impulses that are likely to upset or harm others and violate social expectations or norms
A

Conformity

43
Q
  • respect, commitment, and acceptance of the customs and ideas that traditional culture or religion provides the self
A

Tradition

44
Q
  • preserving and enhancing the welfare of those with whom one is in frequent personal contact
A

Benevolence

45
Q
  • understanding, appreciation, tolerance, and protection for the welfare of all people and of nature
A

Universalism

46
Q

4 Motivational Goals that characterize the 10 basic values:

A
  1. openness to change
  2. self-transcendence
  3. self-enhancement
  4. conservation
47
Q
  • disposition of the good deeds
  • it allows the person not only to perform good acts, but also to give the best of himself or herself
  • habitual and firm disposition to do the good
A

Virtue/s

48
Q

4 Cardinal Values that Catechism teach:

A
  1. prudence
  2. justice
  3. fortitude
  4. temperance

Social Science (3 decks)

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