Chapter 3: Culture & Media

Question 1

Ethnocentrism

Answer 1

The belief that one’s own culture or group is superior to others and the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one’s own

Question 2

Nonmaterial Culture

Answer 2

Values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms

Question 3

Material Culture

Answer 3

Everything that is part of our constructed, physical environment, including technology

Question 4

Ideology

Answer 4

A system of concepts, and relationships, an understanding of cause and effect

Question 5

Cultural Relativism

Answer 5

Taking into account the differences across cultures without passing judgment or assigning value

Question 6

Cultural Scripts

Answer 6

Modes of behavior and understanding that are not universal or natural

Question 7

Subculture

Answer 7

The distinct cultural values and behavioral patterns of a particular group in society

Question 8

Values

Answer 8

Moral beliefs

Question 9

Norms

Answer 9

How values tell us to behave

Question 10

Socialization

Answer 10

The process by which individuals internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that society

Question 11

Reflection Theory

Answer 11

The idea that culture is a projection of social structures and relationships into the public sphere, a screen onto which the film of the underlying reality or social structures of our society is projected

Question 12

Hegemony

Answer 12

A condition by which a dominant group uses its power to elicit the voluntary “consent” of the masses

Question 13

Consumerism

Answer 13

The steady acquisition of material possessions, often with the belief that happiness and fulfillment can thus be achieved

Question 14

Culture Jamming

Answer 14

The act of turning media against themselves