Chapter 3: Culture and Society

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

A system of ideas, values, beliefs, knowledge, norms, customs and technology shared by everyone in a society

Question 2

Ethnocentrism

Answer 2

The view that one’s culture own cultures is superior to others and should be used as the standard in which other are judged

Question 3

A group of interacting people who live in a specific geographical area who are organized in a cooperative manner, and who share a common culture

Answer 3

Society

Question 4

Cultural Relativism

Answer 4

the belief that cultures must be judged on their own terms rather than by the standards of another culture

Question 5

Formal and informal rules of conduct and social expectations for behaviors

Answer 5

Norms

Question 6

Something that is used to represent something else such as a word, gesture, or object

Answer 6

Symbol

Question 7

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Answer 7

The hypothesis that societies w/ different language characterize the world differently

Question 8

Ideas and beliefs shared by the people in a society about what is important and worthwhile

Answer 8

Values

Question 9

Views that people share about what is true or what really exists

Answer 9

Beliefs

Question 10

Norms of conduct of everyday life that bring only mind censure or punishment if they are violated

Answer 10

Folkways

Question 11

Norms of conduct with strong feelings of right or wrong, violations of which bring intense reaction and some type of punishment

Answer 11

Mores

Question 12

Mores that prohibit something

Answer 12

Taboos

Question 13

Pathology of Normalcy

Answer 13

The concept that cultural norms are not always beneficial for a society group or individual

Question 14

The application of nonmaterial and material knowledge by a society to maintain its standards of living and lifestyle

Answer 14

Technology

Question 15

Physical products or objects created through human actions

Answer 15

Artifacts

Question 16

Cultural lag

Answer 16

The tendency for nonmaterial to lag behind material culture

Question 17

High culture

Answer 17

The materials and ideas of the wealthy or upper classes (in contrast to pop culture)

Question 18

Folk Culture

Answer 18

The culture of working class or ethnic groups

Question 19

A subculture that adheres to a set of norms and values that contradict dominant culture

Answer 19

Counterculture

Question 20

Aspects of culture that are shared by all people, such as symbols, shelter, food, and a belief system

Answer 20

Cultural Universals

Question 21

Idioculture

Answer 21

The system of knowledge, beliefs, behaviors, and customs that is unique to a given group