Chapter 3 - Culture

Question 1

Beliefs

Answer 1

Tenets or convictions that people hold to be true

Question 2

Countercultures

Answer 2

Groups that reject and oppose society’s widely accepted cultural patterns

Question 3

Culture

Answer 3

Shared beliefs, values, and practices

Question 4

Culture lag

Answer 4

The gap of time between the introduction of material culture and nonmaterial culture’s acceptance of it

Question 5

Diffusion

Answer 5

The spread of material and nonmaterial culture from one culture to another

Question 6

Discoveries

Answer 6

Things and ideas found from what already exists

Question 7

Ethnocentrism

Answer 7

The evolution and judgement of another culture based on one’s own cultural norms

Question 8

Folkways

Answer 8

Direct, appropriate behavior in the day-to-day practices and expressions of a culture

Question 9

Formal norms

Answer 9

Established, written rules

Question 10

Globalization

Answer 10

The integration of international trade and finance markets

Question 11

High culture

Answer 11

The cultural patterns of a society’s elite

Question 12

Ideal culture

Answer 12

The standards a society would like to embrace and live up to

Question 13

Informal norms

Answer 13

Causal behaviors that are generally and widely conformed to

Question 14

Innovations

Answer 14

New objects or ideas introduced to culture for the first time

Question 15

Inventions

Answer 15

A combination of pieces of existing reality into new forms

Question 16

Language

Answer 16

A symbol system of communication

Question 17

Mores

Answer 17

The moral views and principles of a group

Question 18

Norms

Answer 18

The visible and invisible rules of conduct through which societies are structured

Question 19

Popular culture

Answer 19

Mainstream, widespread patterns among a society’s population

Question 20

Real culture

Answer 20

The way society really is based on what actuallyoccurs and exists

Question 21

Sanctions

Answer 21

A way to authorize or formally disapprove of certain behaviors

Question 22

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Answer 22

The way that people understand the world based on their form of language

Question 23

Social Control

Answer 23

A way to encourage conformity to cultural norms

Question 24

Society

Answer 24

People who live in a definable community and who share a culture

Question 25

Subcultures

Answer 25

Groups that share a specific identification, apart from a society’s mascrity, even as the members exist within a larger society

Question 26

Symbols

Answer 26

Gestures or objects that have meanings associated with them that are recognized by people who share a culture

Question 27

Values

Answer 27

A culture’s standard for discerning what is good and just in society

Question 28

Cultural universals

Answer 28

Patterns or traits that are globally common to all societies