Chapter 3 Componets Of The American Law Enforecement

Question 1

Local policing

Answer 1

Municipal

County police

County sheriffs

Question 2

State policing

Answer 2

State police ( troopers)

Bureaus of criminal investigation

Question 3

Federal

Answer 3

Federal law enforcement agencies

Military law enforcement

Question 4

Special district police

Answer 4

Public schools

Transit police

College & university police
( private schools are special district )

Native American tribal police

Question 5

Basic features of American law enforcement

Answer 5

1. Local political control
   - local governments responsible for providing police
   - fragmented, decentralized system
2. Police services provided on four different levels
   - city, county, state, federal

Question 6

Types of agencies

Answer 6

1. municipal police
2. county police
3. sheriffs

Question 7

Municipal police

Answer 7

• 71% all law enforcement agencies are city police
• handle serious crime
• provide emergency services

Question 8

County police

Answer 8

• municipal police same as structure different operates county wide

Question 9

Sheriffs

Answer 9

• responsibilities defines in state constitution
• elected position
• serve All three components of criminal justice
  System: law enforcement, courts, corrections

Question 10

The constaban

Answer 10

• Role defines by state constitution (warrants, eviction)

- typically work within county court system

Question 11

Corner

Answer 11

Are elected to their position, not necessarily physicians

Question 12

Medical examiners

Answer 12

Appointed and receive special training

Question 13

Special district police

Answer 13

• serve particular government agencies ( transmit, university’s)
• tribal police

Question 14

State police

Answer 14

• share responsibilities w/ local police

- varying degrees of criminal investigation responsibility depending on the state

Question 15

Highway patrol

Answer 15

Enforces traffic laws on the main highways

Question 16

Federal law enforcement post 9/11

Answer 16

Homeland security act

Department of homeland security

Department of justice restructured

Question 17

Department of homeland security

Answer 17

Customs & border protection

Immigration & custom enforcement

Federal emergency management agency

Transportation security administration

U.S cost guard

U.S secret service

Question 18

Department of justice

Answer 18

Drug enforcement administration

Federal bureau of investigation

Bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms & explosives

US Marshall service

Question 19

The private security industry

Answer 19

Estimated 90,000 private security organizations employing 2 million

3:1 ratio of private to public police officers in U.S

Question 20

What’s the common goal of police ?

Answer 20

To protect life

Question 21

Advantages of bureaucratic model?

Answer 21

• recruitment, training and selection emphasized
• emphasizes rules and accountability
• supervision, performance standards
• led to specialization

Question 22

Limitations of the bureaucratic model?

Answer 22

• rigid & inflexible- resistant to change
• communication breakdown up the chain of command
• creativity is quashed
• rules, rules, rules
• numbers - driven

Question 23

What are the current trends in police organization the three C’s

Answer 23

1. Civilization
2. Contracting
3. Consolidation

Question 24

1. Civilization

Answer 24

Benefits of civilization:

• cost
• frees up sworn officers to focus on critical police work
• specialized expertise ( computers, analysis)

Question 25

2. Consolidation

Answer 25

• resources
• consolidation ( merging two or more departments )
• ( need the last one )

Question 26

3. Contracting

For police service

Answer 26

It’s is buying police service from someone else

Advantage & Disadvantages ?
- same as consolidation

Question 27

Benefits of consolidation

Answer 27

• police departments are expensive
• share the cost
  Impact of turnover & attrition

Better police service ?

• More training
• coordination, not fragmentation

Question 28

Disadvantage of consolidation

Answer 28

• autonomy ( the right or condition of self government )
• less personal
• different standards, policies, and practice