Chapter 2 SG

Question 1

Who is Robert peel?

Answer 1

Father of modern policing

Question 2

What was Robert peels principles?

Answer 2

Mission: crime prevention
Strategy: deterrence through preventive patrol
Organizational structure: quasi military

Question 3

What is the difference between American and London policing?

Answer 3

America. London

• Decentralized. - Centralized
• tied to municipal and local govern. - tied to national govern
• relied on individual authority - relied on institutional authority
• tremendous discretion. - limited discretion
• soon carried firearms - Do not carry firearms
• influenced by politics. - national influenced by politics

Question 4

What technology helped officers ?

Answer 4

Patrol car (1920’s)
Telephone ( 1877 )
Two - Way Radio ( 1930’s )

Question 5

The wickersham commission

Answer 5

1931

• First national study of American Criminal Justice system
• Found excessive use of “the third degree”
  
  • means “beat you until you talk”
• In 1931, the Wickersham Commission report Lawlessness in Law Enforcement cre- ated a national sensation with its blunt conclusion that “the third degree—the inflict- ing of pain, physical or mental, to extract confessions or statements . . . is extensively practiced.

Question 6

Problem oriented policing is ? By who? Holds what ?

Answer 6

• The concept of problem-oriented policing (POP) was developed by Herman Goldstein.
• It holds that instead of thinking in terms of global concepts such as “crime” and “disorder,” the police should address particular problems and develop creative responses to each one.
• Instead of crime fighters, officers should be problem solvers, planners, and community organizers.

Question 7

Wilson and kelling “ broken window is what ?

Answer 7

• recent research on policing: patrol had only limited deterrent effects on crime, faster response times did not increase arrests, and the capacity of detectives to solve crimes was limited.
• This research suggested two important points: that the police could not fight crime by themselves, but were dependent on citizens, and that the police could reduce fear of crime by concentrating on less serious quality-of-life problems (for example, “broken windows”).

Question 8

Wilson and Kelling get community policing what?

Answer 8

Advocates of community policing hailed it as a new era in policing. As early as 1988, Kelling argued that “a quiet revolution is reshaping American policing.”The U.S. Justice Department encouraged the growth of community policing through the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (known as the COPS Office), which distributed the money to hire 100,000 new officers.