Chapter 3- Components Of A Neuron Flashcards
What are dendrites?
The part of a neuron that receives info from other neurons and relays it to the cell body.
What are axons?
The part of a neuron that transmits info to other neurons, muscles, or glands.
What is action potential?
An electrical signal that is conducted along the length of a neurons axon to the synapse.
What is a synapse?
The junction or region between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites or cell body of another.
What are neurotransmitters?
Chemicals that transmit information across the synapse to a receiving neurons dendrites.
What is Acetylcholine (Ach)?
A neurotransmitter involved in a number of functions, including voluntary motor control.
What is dopamine?
Regulates motor behavior, motivation, pleasure, and emotional arousal.
What is glutamate?
A major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain: it enhances the transmission of info between neurons.
Norepinephrine and serotonin
Influence mood and arousal
Occipital lobe
Located at the back of the cerebral cortex: processes visual information
Parietal lobe
Located in the front of the occipital lobe: processes info about touch.
Temporal lobe
Located on the lower side of each hemisphere: responsible for hearing and language.
Frontal lobe
Sits behind the forehead: specialized areas for movement, abstract thinking, planning memory and judgement.
Phineas Gage
A traumatic accident allowed researchers to investigate the functions of the frontal lobe and it’s connections with emotion centers in sub cortical structures.
What does an fMRI do?
Can localize changes in brain very accurately.
