Chapter 3 Cellular Energy

Question 1

what is the 1st law of thermodynamics?

Answer 1

energy can’t be created nor destroyed, but can be transformed from one form to another

Question 2

what is the 2nd law of thermodynamics?

Answer 2

the entropy of the universe is always increasing; combined change in entropy must be positive

Question 3

what is the 3rd law of thermodynamics?

Answer 3

the entropy of a substance at absolute zero is 0

Question 4

what does metabolism in a given organism refer to?

Answer 4

all the metabolic pathways (series of chemical reactions) that are happening

Question 5

what do catabolic processes involve and what is its entropy?

Answer 5

breaking down larger molecules for energy; increased entropy / less ordered state

Question 6

what do anabolic processes involve and what is its entropy?

Answer 6

use energy to build larger macromolecules; decreased entropy / more ordered state

Question 7

what do cells utilize to break down carbohydrates for energy?

Answer 7

aerobic cellular respiration (consumes oxygen, big energy production) and anaerobic cellular respiration (no oxygen needed, low energy production)