Chapter 3- Cell Flashcards
movement of substances through a plasma membrane requiring the expenditure of energy by the cell
active transport
the simplest structural and functional unit of living organisms
cell
breakdown of organic nutrients, which releases energy to ATP
cellular respiration
paired cylindrical organelles adjacent to the nucleus that form the spindle during cell division
centrioles
the semifluid substance located between the cell nucleus and the plasma membrane
cytoplasm
passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
diffusion
engulfing substances by invagination of the plasma membrane
endocytosis
system of membranes extending throughout the cytoplasm
endoplasmic reticulum
extrusion of substances by evagination of the plasma membrane
exocytosis
the forcing of small molecules through a membrane by hydrostatic pressure
filtration
organelle where aerobic cellular respiration occurs
mitochondrion
separation and distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells during mitotic cell division
mitosis
spherical organelle containing chromosomes and controlling cellular function
nucleus
a specific part of a cell that performs a specific function
organelle
the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
osmosis
