Chapter 3: Career Development Flashcards
defined as the combination and sequence of roles played by a person during the course of a lifetime
career
a lifelong journey that includes your education, interests, jobs, occupations, recreational activities and volunteer work.
career
Throughout your career you will gain many different skills, work in many different jobs representing
many different occupations, and have changing interests including recreational activities.
a specific position an individual holds doing specific duties and gets paid for it.
job
Maria’s job is a math teacher at Senior High School.
job
is a collection of job titles that share job duties, skills, and training.
occupation
People who work in an occupation do similar tasks and need similar training.
occupation
Maria and every teacher in all the high schools are Senior High School Instructors
occupation
Bea Alonzo is an artist who functions as a drama actress.
job: drama actress
occupation: artist
Manong Boy is a maintenance personnel, assigned as the 3rd
floor janitor.
job: 3rd floor janitor
occupation: maintenance personnel
John is a sanitation engineer in Peter’s engineering firm.
job: sanitation engineer
occupation: engineer
All medical staff are required to be vaccinated, including Anne,
a nurse.
job: nurse
occupation: medical staff
Julie is a member of the seafarer’s association as she is a cruise chef.
job: cruise chef
occupation: seafarer member
We need to talk about career because it is the ongoing process of
managing your life, learning and work.
We need to talk about career because it involves developing the skills and knowledge that enable you to plan and make informed decisions about your education, training and career choices.
enable you to plan and make informed decisions about your life.
Your career can determine a lot of things in your life, like:
- the _____ that you will be leading,
- the _______ that you have with people around you like your family and friends, and
- the _____ you will be able to keep with your life and your responsibilities
kind of lifestyle
quality of relationships
kind of balance
precedes career development.
personal development
One has to develop as a person before
one can decide on what he or she wants to do.
It involves our personality, attitude, values, interests, and resources.
career
Career development planning should be provided across genders, educational background and vocational competence, in order to enhance their ___________________
job satisfaction and service quality
Students who experienced ___________ are more satisfied and competent in their career decisions
career orientation and guided career planning
are positively related to career satisfaction, and these relationships are fully mediated by work engagement and self-efficacy
Career orientation and employment commitment
A person’s development is affected by everything in their surrounding environment. Whatever happens on one level can affect the rest of the system.
HUMAN ECOLOGICAL THEORY/
BIOECOLOGICAL SYSTEM THEORY
There is a _______ in the various areas of the person’s development. (HUMAN ECOLOGICAL THEORY/ BIOECOLOGICAL SYSTEM THEORY)
ripple effect
affect not only the person but also his or her family and community
HUMAN ECOLOGICAL THEORY/
BIOECOLOGICAL SYSTEM THEORY
the individual’s immediate environments (family, school, peer group, neighborhood, and childcare environments); most influential level
microsystem
the environments that only indirectly affect the individual (such as parent’s workplace)
exosystem
the direct connections between immediate environments (i.e., a child’s home and school)
mesosystem
the larger cultural context (Eastern vs. Western culture, national economy, political culture, subculture)
macrosystem
the patterning of environmental events and transitions over the course of life
chronosystem
family, peers, or caregivers
Home, school, daycare, or work
microsystem
The system closest to the person and the one in which they have direct contact
microsystem
Relationships in a microsystem are
bi-directional
your reactions to the people in your microsystem will affect
how they will treat you too
This is the most influential level of the ecological systems theory
microsystem
Bettina’s interactions with her parents and her little sister.
microsystem
Bettina’s regular school interactions with her kindergarten teacher and the other children in her class.
microsystem
Consists of the interactions between the different parts of a person’s microsystem
mesosystem
where a person’s individual microsystems do not function independently but are interconnected and assert influence upon one another.
mesosystem
These interactions have an indirect impact on the individual.
mesosystem
The relationship between Bettina’s parents and her teacher.
mesosystem
Her parents take an active role in her school, such as attending parent/teacher conferences and volunteering in her classroom. This has a positive impact on her development because the different elements of her microsystem are working together.
mesosystem
Bettina’s development could be affected in a negative way if the different elements of her microsystem were working against one another.
mesosystem
Refers to a setting that does not
involve the person as an active participant,
but still affects them.
exosystem
This includes decisions that have bearing on the person, but in which they have no participation in the decision-making process.
exosystem
Bettina’s education and lifestyle is affected because her mother lost her job.
Exosystem
Bettina’s father works as a UN Consultant so he is often away from the family. She becomes anxious when her father leaves and her anxiety has an effect on her development in other areas, even though she has no interaction with her father’s work or say in the decision-making process.
Exosystem
Encompasses the cultural environment in
which the person lives and all other systems
that affect them
Macrosystem
Attitudes and ideologies of the culture
Macrosystem
Can have either a positive or a negative effect on a person’s development
Macrosystem
(Eastern vs. Western culture, national economy, political culture, subculture)
Macrosystem
Independence
“I”
Individualism
macrosystem
““Learn to value yourself, which means: to fight for your happiness.”
macrosystem
Includes the transitions and shifts in one’s
lifespan and the socio-historical contexts
that may influence a person
chronosystem
Adds the useful dimension of time, which demonstrates the influence of both change and constancy in the child’s environment
chronosystem
Includes a change in family structure, address, parent’s employment status, in addition to immense society changes such as economic cycles and wars
chronosystem
Sociohistorical conditions and time since life events
chronosystem
Bettina’s parents separated because of irreconcilable differences. During the first year of the separation, Bettina was very much affected and resentful. But as time passed and she grew accustomed to the status of her parents’ relationship, she felt more stable and became more agreeable.
chronosystem
Living during the time of a world war or the Great Depression
chronosystem
Youth from collectivist cultures were mainly influenced by ______, whereby higher career congruence with parents increased _________ and ______
family expectations; career confidence and self-efficacy
have significant roles in supporting students’ post–high school career planning
Career coaches, counselors, and educators
were mostly supportive, while experiences in school and work occasionally made individuals reconsider their career plans.
Parents
often changed developmentally as participants entered full-time jobs
Social influences
What should we use in considering career decisions?
psychological tests interview with adults career seminars trends in the workplace misconceptions about careers
LIFE GOALS ARE NOT RELATED TO CAREER GOALS.
Myth
What is the means that you will employ to employ the life goal.
Career Goal
What do you want to have/ to be/ to attain in life?
Life Goal
Having life goals could empower a person to direct his/her motivation and energy towards finding ________ through his/her chosen career.
self-actualization
Life goal MUST precede
career goal
PERSONALITY IS THE ONLY AND BEST BASIS FOR CAREER PLANNING
Myth
Aside from personality and interests, it is also important to consider one’s
Skills and abilities
An individual’s culture, gender, previous experiences, economic conditions, and even childhood fantasies and expectations of other people can influence our
career plans
MY FAMILY’S CAREER CHOICES CAN AFFECT MY CAREER CHOICES.
Fact
Family belongs to _____ factors affecting career choices.
external
I will be a doctor to bring my family out of poverty
Intrinsically
I wanted to be a doctor because my doctor-mom always brings me to the hospital
Extrinsically
I CAN CHANGE MY CAREER DECISION ALONG THE WAY.
Fact
Take note that changing career decisions along the way entails
analysis and interpretation
IF OTHERS CAN DO IT IN A CERTAIN FIELD, I CAN ALSO DO IT.
Myth
a personal decision and an individual path.
Success
CAREER DECISIONS ARE DIFFICULT.
Fact
EVERYONE HAS A
“ONE TRUE CALLING.”
Myth
Personality Values Personal Interests Biological and genetic factors Gender Learning experiences Outcome expectations
Personal factors
Environment (Physical Environment and Culture)
Social & Economic Conditions/ Opportunities
Media/Available References
Parents/ Guardians/ Family
Career Counseling
Peers
Other Emerging Factors or Trends that Affect Career Choices (i.e. religion, gender roles)
External factors
individual differences
skills and abilities
career field
occupational profile
it is important to take stock of the skills, knowledge and abilities that you currently possess and those that you still need to develop as these greatly impact what
kind of career could be a good match for you.
is widely used to connect personality types and career fields.
John Holland’s Career Typology
John Holland’s Career Typology establishes a classification system that matches
personality characteristics and personal preferences to job characteristics
are six personality/career types that help describe a wide range of occupations (RIASEC).
Holland codes
directly addresses the fact that we each play multiple roles in our lives and that these roles change over the course of our lives.
Donald’s superlife span theory
How we think about ourselves in these roles, their requirements of them, and the external forces that affect them, may influence how
we look at careers in general and how we make choices for ourselves.
Development of self-concept, attitudes, needs, and general world of work
GROWTH
0-14
Growth
Trying out different skills
Tentative choice and skill development
EXPLORATION
Entry-level skill building and stabilization through work experience
Establishment
15-24
Exploration
25-44
Establishment
Continual adjustment process to improve position
Maintenance
45-64
Maintenance
Reduced output, prepare for retirement
Decline
65+
Decline
Test or try various types of work through your classes and projects
Exploration
On-the-job trainings and performance tasks provide an opportunity to:
Develop a mature perspective of time
Acquire the ability to be patient and develop self-control, ability to negotiate, and an ability to identify with appropriate models of work behavior
Make tentative choices as to what you really want to become after you graduate from high school
address factors related to our experiences with others and in previous work situations.
John Krumboltz’s Social Learning & Planned Happenstance theories
Having positive experiences and role models working in specific careers may influence
the set of careers we consider as options for ourselves.
often shapes our values and expectations as they relate to many parts of our lives, including jobs and careers.
Culture
In the Philippines, our ________ makes our family a strong influence in our career decisions.
collectivist orientation
Both men and women have experienced
career-related stereotypes.
How we view ourselves as individuals may influence both the ______ and _____ we perceive as we make career decisions.
opportunities; barriers
in the workforce, and in higher education, evolve.
Roles of women and men
All of our career choices take place within the
context of society and the economy.
Events that take place in our lives may
affect the choices available to us and even dictate our choices to a certain degree.
Changes in the economy and resulting job market may also affect
how our careers develop.
proposed a theory that describes three life stages related to career development.
Eli Ginzberg
early ideas about careers are formed, takes place up to age 11.
Eli Ginzberg
We are bad at predicting which jobs we’ll be ______ and ______ at just by thinking about it.
most happy in; most good
is not especially important for predicting where you’ll be satisfied. Following one’s passion causes us to overly focus on just one criterion.
The degree of match between your interest and your work
The extent to which you have variety, autonomy, a sense of completion, feedback, and work you feel makes a difference
Engaging, meaningful work
The extent to which you get help from, like and form meaningful relationships with your colleagues
Getting on with your colleagues
the extent to which you’re good at your job
Personal fit
having reasonable work hours, job security, a short commute from and to your workplace, and sufficient pay
Hygiene factors
