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Personality and Development > Chapter 2: Stress Management > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Stress Management Flashcards

1
Q

Describes the physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging.

A

Stress

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2
Q

“a chronically high level of mental arousal and bodily
tension that exceeds a person’s capacity to cope resulting
in distress, disease and an increased capacity to cope.”

A

Stress

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3
Q

some people feel the effects of stress more than others because

A

because what is *appraised as a threat by one person

might be appraised as an opportunity by another.

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4
Q

subjective interpretation

A

appraisal

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5
Q

events that cause stress reaction.

A

stressor

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6
Q

situations which

maintains sustained mental effort

A

psychological stressor

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7
Q

includes physiological and external stressors

A

physical stressor

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8
Q

arise from relationships and connections

with others

A

social stressor

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9
Q

socio-economic conditions

A

economic stressors

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10
Q

loss of inner peace, joy and

disturbance in tranquility

A

spiritual stressor

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11
Q

unpleasant and undesirable stressors

A

distress

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12
Q

stress responses that could disrupt brain architecture, but generally occur within a time-limited period

A

tolerable stress

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13
Q

buffered by supportive relationships that facilitate adaptive coping;

A

tolerable stress

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14
Q

usually give the brain an opportunity to recover from

potentially damaging effects

A

tolerable stress

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15
Q

strong and prolonged activation of the body’s stress
management systems in the absence of the buffering protection of
adult support

A

toxic stress

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16
Q

disrupts brain architecture and leads to stress management systems that respond at relatively lower thresholds

A

toxic stress

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17
Q

increases the risk of stress-related physical and mental illness

A

toxic stress

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18
Q

positive events that still make demands on a person to adapt or change.

A

Eustress

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19
Q

They still require a great deal of change in people’s habits, duties, and even lifestyle.

A

Eustress

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20
Q

Whenever you find yourself torn between two or more

competing and incompatible desires, goals, or actions

A

Conflict

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21
Q

conflict occurring when a person must choose between two desirable goals.

A

Approach-Approach Conflict

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22
Q

The SHS valedictorian was given an option by her parents to

have an all expenses vacation in either Paris or New York.

A

Approach-Approach Conflict

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23
Q

conflict occurring when a person must choose between two undesirable goals.

A

Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict

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24
Q

As punishment for failing one of his subjects, his parents made
him choose to either surrender all his gadgets or cut off his allowance
for the entire month.

A

Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict

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25
Q

A fresh graduate was given an opportunity to work and study
abroad. However, conflict arises as he considers living his family
behind.

A

Approach-Avoidance Conflict

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26
Q

conflict occurring when a person
must choose or not choose a goal that has both positive and negative
aspects.

A

Approach-Avoidance Conflict

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27
Q

◦ Rapid pulse
◦ Increased perspiration
◦ Shortness of breath

A

Physical/Physiological Responses

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28
Q

◦ Worry or anxiety
◦ Irrational fear or outright panic
◦ Irritability or frequent anger

A

Psychological Responses

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29
Q

◦ Smoking
◦ Increased or decreased eating
◦ Increased or decreased sleeping

A

Behavioral Responses

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30
Q

genetically based, vulnerability, tendency

A

Diathesis

31
Q

environmental factors

A

stress

32
Q

Individuals inherit tendencies to _______________, which may then ________

A

express certain traits or behaviors; be activated under conditions

33
Q

According to APA, it is a theory which states mental and physical
disorders develop from a genetic or biological predisposition for
that illness (diathesis) combined with stressful conditions that play
a precipitating or facilitating role.

A

Diathesis-Stress model

34
Q

HPA AXIS

A

“Hypothalamus – Pituitary Gland – Adrenal Gland Axis”

35
Q

regulates release of hormones; responsible for hunger, thirst and lust

A

Hypothalamus

36
Q

master gland of the endocrine system

A

Pituitary Gland

37
Q

controls blood sugar, burn proteins and fat,
regulate blood pressure, responsible for the release of
epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol

A

Adrenal gland

38
Q

body’s main stress hormone; the body’s “built-in alarm

system”

A

Cortisol

39
Q

Flow of stress in a body

A

Stressor → Hypothalamus → Corticotropin-releasing Hormone
(CRH) → Pituitary Gland → Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
→ Adrenal Gland → epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol

40
Q

Can serve as a negative feedback to hypothalamus and pituitary gland

A

Glucocorticoids

41
Q

Effectively dealing with stress involves

A

increased awareness

42
Q

to work on eliminating or changing the stressor itself.

A

Problem Focused Coping

43
Q

Confronting your performance task

groupmate who is not participating.

A

Problem Focused Coping

44
Q

changing the way a person feels or emotionally reacts

to a stressor.

A

Emotion Focused Coping

45
Q

reduces the emotional impact of the stressor and
makes it possible to deal with the problem more
effectively.

A

Emotion Focused Coping

46
Q

A teenager rants in social media every time

he experiences problems in school and at home.

A

Emotion Focused Coping

47
Q

network of friends, family members, neighbors,
coworkers, and others who can offer help to a person
in need.

A

Social Support System

48
Q

more likely to be done by women.

A

Social Support System

49
Q 
• Planning
• Active coping and
problem-solving
• Suppressing
competing activities
• Exercising restraint
• Assertive
confrontation
A

Problem Focused Coping

50
Q 
• Positive
reinterpretation
• Acceptance
• Denial
• Repression
• Escape-avoidance
• Wishful thinking
• Controlling feelings
A

Emotion Focused Coping

51
Q 
• Help and guidance
• Emotional support
• Affirmation of worth
• Tangible aid (ex.
Money)
A

Social Support System

52
Q

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

A

health

53
Q

A subjective state that emerges from a general feeling of satisfaction with oneself.

A

well-being

54
Q

Condition of good health, happiness and prosperity.

A

well-being

55
Q

a state of well-being in which every individual:

realizes his or her own _____.
can cope with the _______.
can work ______ and fruitfully.
able to make a ______ to her or his community.

A

potential
normal stresses of life
productively
contribution

56
Q

Characteristics of People with Good Mental Health.

A 
A. At peace with themselves.
B. Manifest emotional control.
C. Cope adequately with life stressors.
D. Adjust to new or novel situations.
E. Know their strengths and weaknesses and be aware of their limitations.

F. Adequate feelings of security.
G. Realistic life goals.
H. Smooth interpersonal relationship.
I. Conform to social norms and standards.
J. Satisfy their needs adequately and appropriately.

57
Q

represents the choices we make when faced with danger in our environment.

A

flight-or-fight response

58
Q

a reaction that occurs in the presence of a situation that is terrifying, either mentally or physically.

A

flight or fight

59
Q

The response is preparing your body to either stay (to fight) and deal with a threat or to run away (to flight) to safety.

A

flight or fight

60
Q

Comes in a form of pollution, a congested place or a high level of noise.

A

physical stressor

61
Q

Transitioning to a new environment/ change of routine.

A

physical stressor

62
Q

It may also include fatigue, pain, shock, trauma, and other physiological conditions in our body.

A

It may also include fatigue, pain, shock, trauma, and other physiological conditions in our body.

63
Q

Includes academic overload

A

mental stressor

64
Q

Reviewing for the exams

Lack of organization

A

mental stressor

65
Q

Running after deadlines or situations that call for sustained mental effort.

A

mental stressor

66
Q

Participating in class

A

mental stressor

67
Q

Somehow interrelated because they involve relating with other people. Feelings of lack of support.

A

Social, Emotional, Psychological Stressors

68
Q

As we interact with others, we encounter conflicts and disappointments leading to feelings of frustration, tension, anxiety, and even anger or depression.

A

Social, Emotional, Psychological Stressors

69
Q

change, synonym to crisis and conflict

A

crisis

70
Q

A sense of disequilibrium

A

crisis

71
Q

the kind of stress that is helpful in promoting one’s growth and development by providing sufficient challenges that allow one to become more resourceful and show initiative in problem-solving.

A

Eustress

72
Q

life would be such a common zone and may lead to boredom.

A

eustress

73
Q

may predispose or precipitate psychopathology or mental disorders.

A

psychological deprivation

74
Q

Unpleasant and disturbing feeling brought about by the non-attainment of goals

A

frustration

Personality and Development (3 decks)

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