Chapter 3 Botany Flashcards
Define meristem and name three places it is located
The meristem is the part of the plant that allow growth. Apical meristems are located at the tip of the stem or the root. In grasses the meristem is at the crown near a node
Where is the meristem of grasses and why is this useful?
The meristem is located at the crown of a grass and creates growth by pushing the leave blade upwards. This allows grass to be cut and grown back
What is the difference between a taproot and a fibrous root?
A tap root has one main root with branching side roots. A fibrous root has no main stem just many branches
What is the function of stems
Stems support the leaves, reproductive structures and fruit. They contain the plants vascular system that transports food snd water
The stem contains vascular bundles. What are the two main parts of the circulatory system
Xylem conducts water and minerals from the root up though out the plant. The phloem conducts sugar manufactured by photosynthesis in the leaves
What is a stolon?
A stolon is a type of stem that is horizontal and above ground. It may root and form a new plant. (Ex: strawberries)
What is a rhizome?
A rhizome is an underground stem also responsible for propagating new plants. (Ex: grasses)
What is a crown?
Crowns have leaves and flowers on a stem with very short internodes. (Ex: cabbage or potatoes)
What are the types of vein patterns on leaves
Palmate (maple), dichotomous (gingko), pinnate (beech), parallel (corn)
Where are the stoma, and what do they do?
These are pores located on the underside of leaves that allow the leaf to release oxygen and water. They can open and closr
Define and give examples of modified leaves
Modified leaves have adapted to the environment to serve special needs. Needles on cactus. Tendrils on peas.
Define Inflorescence
The arrangement of flowers on a stem
What are the six types of inflorescence?
Spike, raceme, cyme, head, umbrel, corymb
