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Comm 305: Managerial Accounting > chapter 3 book: job order costing > Flashcards

chapter 3 book: job order costing Flashcards

1
Q

cost accounting

A

measuring, recording, and reporting of product costs

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2
Q

what can be achieved with the cost accounting information?

A

which products to produce

what price to charge

the amounts to produce

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3
Q

cost accounting system

A

consists of accounts for the various manufacturing costs

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4
Q

what is an important feature of cost accounting system?

A

the perpetual inventory system

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5
Q

the perpetual inventory system

A

provides immediate, up-to-date information on the cost of a product

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6
Q

what are the two basic types of cost accounting systems?

A

(1) a job order cost system

(2) a process cost system

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7
Q

a job order cost system

A

the company assigns costs to each job or to each batch of goods

ex: production of a movie by Disney

each job or batch has its own distinguishing characteristics

ex: each house is custom built

A job order cost system measures costs for each com- pleted job, rather than for set time periods

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8
Q

what is the objective with the job order cost system?

A

The objective is to compute the cost per job

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9
Q

when does a company use the process cost system?

A

when it manufactures a large volume of similar products

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10
Q

how does the process cost system work?

A

it accumu- lates product-related costs for a period of time (such as a week or a month)

it does not assing costs to specific products or job orders

companies assign the costs to departments or processes for the specified period of time

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11
Q

can a company use both the process cost system and the job order cost system?

A

ye boyyyy

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12
Q

how do the costs flow in a job order cost system?

A

it parallels the physical flow of the materials as they are converted into finished goods

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13
Q

show the steps of the flow of the job order cost system?

A
  1. manufacturing costs
  2. work in process inventory
  3. finished goods inventory
  4. costs of goods sold
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14
Q

what do you do in the journal entries when you first buy the raw materials?

A

you debit the costs of the materials to Raw Materials Inventory

you then later credit either A/P, cash, or whatever you used to buy

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15
Q

factory labor costs consist of?

A

(1) gross earnings of factory workers
(2) employer payroll taxes on these earnings
(3) fringe benefits (such as sick pay, pensions, and vacation pay) incurred by the employer

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16
Q

the factory labor costs are credited or debited when doing journal entries?

A

you debit labor costs to Factory Labor

the costs are later credited depending which one it is

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17
Q

which overhead costs are recorded daily?

A

machinery repairs

the use of indirect materials

indirect labor

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18
Q

which overhead costs are recorded periodically with adjusting entries?

how is this done?

A

property taxes

depreciation

insurance

done with a summary entry

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19
Q

what does a summary entry do?

A

ummarizes the totals from multiple transactions

debits the Manufacturing Overhead

credits all the costs that are payable

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20
Q

what is the job cost sheet?

A

a form used to record the costs chargeable to a specific job

to determine the total and unit costs of the completed job

constitutes the subsidiary ledger for the Work in Process Inventory account

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21
Q

is there a separate job cost sheet for each job?

A

yeee

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22
Q

what does a subsidiary ledge consist of?

A

individual records for each individual item )each individual job)

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23
Q

why is the Work in Process account is referred to as a control account in the job cost sheet?

A

because it summarizes the detailed data regarding specific jobs contained in the job cost sheets

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24
Q

what must each entry to Work in Process Inventory be accompanied by?

A

must be accompanied by a corresponding posting to one or more job cost sheets

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25
Q

when do companies issue raw materials costs?

A

when their materials storeroom issues the materials

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26
Q

materials requisition slip

A

allows companies to request raw materials

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27
Q

can raw materials be both direct and indirect materials?

A

yeee

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28
Q

how are direct and indirect raw materials written in the journal entries when they get requested?

A

direct materials debited as Work in Process Inventory

Indirect materials credited as Manufacturing Overhead

Raw materials Inventory is credited

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29
Q

Ar eche direct materials in the job cost sheets always be equal to the control account of Work In Process Inventory?

A

yeee boyyy

30
Q

on what basis do companies assign factory labor costs to jobs?

A

on the basis of time tickets prepared when the work is performed

31
Q

what to time tickets indicate?

A

the employee

the hours worked

the account and job to be charged

the total labor cost

32
Q

what are the accounts journalized with time tickets?

A

direct labor debited as Work in Process Inventory

Indirect labor credited as Manufacturing Overhead

Factory labor is then credited

33
Q

why can’t overhead jobs be assigned to specific jobs on the basis of actual costs incurred?

what do companies do instead?

A

because manufacturing overhead relates to production operations as a whole

companies assign manufacturing overhead to work in process and to specific jobs on an estimated basis

34
Q

how can companies assign specific jobs on an estimated basis?

A

through the use of a predetermined overhead rate

35
Q

what is the predetermined overhead rate based on? which tern is expressed by this basis?

A

the relationship between estimated annual overhead costs and expected annual operating activity

activity base

36
Q

what is the formula for the predetermined overhead rate?

A

(expected annual operating activity)

= Predetermined overhead rate

37
Q

what is usually used as the activity base historically and currently?

A

historically, its been direct labor costs or direct labor hours

today, it is much more machine hours

38
Q

how is Manufacturing Overhead journalized?

A

Work In Process in debited by the same amount

Manufacturing Overhead is credited by the same amount

39
Q

at the end of the month, are the accounts of the Work In Process Inventory and Job Cost Sheets supposed to be equal?

A

yeee bruuuv

40
Q

how a completed job journalized?

A

the completed job is debited to Finished Goods Inventory

the Work in Process Inventory is credited by the same amount

41
Q

when do companies recognize the COGS?

A

when a sale occurs

42
Q

how are sales journalized?

A

Accounts receivable, or cash, or anything relevant is debited by the amount of the sale

sale is credited

COGS is debited by the amount of inventory gone

Finished Goods Inventory is credited

43
Q

Cost-plus contracts

A

customer’s bill is the sum of the costs incurred on the job, plus a profit amount that is cal- culated as a percentage of the costs incurred

44
Q

which types of companies use cost-plus contracts?

A

service companies

ex: hospitals

45
Q

do service companies have inventory accounts?

A

nah boy

46
Q

what accounts to service companies use instead of inventory accounts?

A

often called Service Contracts in Process

records job costs prior to completion

47
Q

what is the overall flow of a Job Order Cost Flow?

A
  1. accumulations
  2. assignment to Jobs
  3. Completed Jobs
  4. Sale of goods
48
Q

how does a company accumulate costs? what are the steps?

A

(1) purchasing raw materials
(2) incurring labor costs
(3) incurring manufacturing overhead costs

49
Q

after the accumulation of costs, what are the following steps regarding assignment to jobs?

A

(4) use of raw materials on specific jobs
(5) assigns materials to work in process, or treats them as manufacturing overhead if the raw materials cannot be associated with a specific job

assigns factory labor to work in process, or treats it as manufacturing overhead if the factory labor cannot be associated with a specific job

(6) it assigns manufacturing overhead to work in process using a predetermined overhead rate

50
Q

what happens when jobs are finally completed?

A

company transfers the cost of the completed job out of work in process inventory into finished goods inventory

51
Q

what happens when goods are finally sold regarding COGS?

A

the company transfers their cost out of finished goods inventory into cost of goods sold

52
Q

what is the difference for the financial statements and journal entries regarding manufacturing overhead costs? why is there this difference?

A

it shows manufacturing overhead applied

The company adds this amount to direct materials and direct la- bor to determine total manufacturing costs

so basically, to find the total costs of goods manufactured

53
Q

what is under applied overhead?

A

the overhead assigned to work in process is less than the overhead incurred

54
Q

when manufacturing overhead has a debit balance, it is under applied or over applied?

A

under applied

55
Q

what is over applied overhead?

A

overhead assigned to work in process is greater than the over- head incurred

56
Q

when manufacturing overhead has a credit balance, it is under applied or over applied?

A

over applied

57
Q

how do you adjust credited or debited manufacturing overhead? basically, how do you adjust over or under applied overhead?

A

you credit under applied overhead and then you debit COGS

in the other case, you debit over applied overhead and credit COGS

58
Q

what is the goal of adjusting manufacturing overhead?

A

you want the account to have a zero balance

you only want to report the COGS

59
Q

cost accounting

A

area of accounting that involves measuring, recording, and reporting product costs

60
Q

cost accounting systems

A

Manufacturing-cost accounts that are fully integrated into the general ledger of a company

61
Q

job cost sheet

A

used to record the costs chargeable to a specific job

also used to determine the total and unit costs of the completed job

62
Q

Job order cost system

A

A cost accounting system in which costs are assigned to each job or batch

63
Q

Materials requisition slip

A

A document authorizing the issuance of raw materials from the storeroom to production

64
Q

over applied overhead

A

situation in which overhead assigned to work in process is greater than the overhead incurred

65
Q

Underapplied overhead

A

A situation in which overhead assigned to work in process is less than the overhead incurred

66
Q

Predetermined overhead rate

A

A rate based on the relationship between estimated annual overhead costs and expected annual operating activity

expressed in terms of a common activity base

67
Q

Process cost system

A

A cost accounting system used when a company manufactures a large volume of similar products

68
Q

summary entry

A

A journal entry that summa- rizes the totals from multiple transactions

69
Q

Time ticket

A

A document that indicates the em- ployee, the hours worked, the account and job to be charged, and the total labor cost

70
Q

pro ration method

A

second method of adjusting manufacturing overhead balance

you prorate (allocate) the under or over applied overhead costs to Work in Process Inventory, Finished Goods Inventory, and COGS accounts

71
Q

who do you do the pro ration method?

A

you allocate the portion of under or over applied overhead to the equivalent to whatever was in the Work in Process Inventory, Finished Goods Inventory and COGS accounts

72
Q

what are control accounts?

A

Control accounts (materials, labor and overhead, work-in-process, and finished goods) are inventory accounts

Comm 305: Managerial Accounting (32 decks)

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