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Ochem > Chapter 3 Book > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Book Flashcards

1
Q

Heteroatoms

A

atoms that are not C or H

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2
Q

Functional groups

A

determine molecules geometry, physical properties, and reactivity

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3
Q

Carbon Backbone

A

C-C and C-H sigma bonds make up skeleton

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4
Q

When are molecules reactive

A

when they have a functional group

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5
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

made of C and H

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6
Q

alkanes

A

only C-C sigma bonds
R-H

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7
Q

Alkenes

A

only C=C

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8
Q

Alkynes

A

C triple bond C

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9
Q

Why are aromatic hydrocarbons called this

A

early known aromatic compounds had strong odor

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10
Q

Primary Carbon

A

1 degree
|
-C-C
|

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11
Q

Secondary Carbon

A

2 degrees
C
|
-C-C
|

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12
Q

Tertiary Carbon

A

3 degrees
C
|
-C-C
|
C

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13
Q

Quaternany Carbon

A

4 degrees
C
|
C-C-C
|
C

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14
Q

How are H Classified

A

Whatever C they are on that is their type too

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15
Q

Primary Hydrogen

A

1 degree
|
H -C-C
|

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16
Q

Secondary Hydrogen

A

2 degrees
C
|
H-C-C
|

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17
Q

Tertiary Hydrogen

A

3 degrees
C
|
-C-C
|
C

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18
Q

R-X

A

Alkyl halide

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19
Q

Halo group

A

Alkyl Halide

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20
Q

R-OH

A

Alcohol

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21
Q

Hydroxy Group

A

Alcohol

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22
Q

R-O-R

A

Ether

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23
Q

Alkoxy group

A

ether

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24
Q

R-NH2

A

Amine

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25
Q

R2NH

A

Amine

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26
Q

R3N

A

Amine

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27
Q

Amino Group

A

Amine

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28
Q

R-SH

A

Thiol

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29
Q

mercapto group

A

thiol

30
Q

R-S-R

A

Sulfide

31
Q

Alkylthio group

A

Sulfide

32
Q

1 degree alkyl halide or alcohol

A

. |
-C-C-Z
|

33
Q

2 degree Alkyl halide or alcohol

A

. C
|
-C-C-Z
|

34
Q

3 degree alkyl halide or alcohol

A

. C
|
-C-C-Z
|
C

35
Q

How are alkyl haildes and alcohols classified?

A

on number of C bonded to C

36
Q

How are amines classifed?

A

C-N

37
Q

1 degree amine

A

. |
-C-N-
|

38
Q

2 degree amine

A

. |
-C-N-
|
C

39
Q

3 degree amine

A

. |
-C-N-C
|
C

40
Q

Carbonyl group

A

C-O bond

41
Q

. O
“
R-C-H

A

Aldehyde

42
Q

. O
“
R-C-R

A

Ketone

43
Q

. O
“
R-C-OR

A

Ester

44
Q

Carbonyl group

A

ketone

45
Q

. O
“
R-C-NH
|
H

A

Amide

46
Q

. O
“
R-C-Cl

A

Acid Chloride

47
Q

Intermolecular Forces

A

interactions that exist between molecules

48
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

oppositely change particle held together by extremely strongly electrostatic interactions
Strong

49
Q

Van der waal forces

A

weak interactions caused by momentary changes in electron density in molecules

50
Q

What force do all molecules have including nonmolecules

A

Van der Waal

51
Q

polarizability

A

how electron cloud around atom responds to charges affects VWF

52
Q

What makes a molecule more polarizable

A

large atoms

53
Q

Dipole-Dipole

A

attractive forces between permanent dipoles of 2 polar molecules

54
Q

Hydrogen bonding

A

H atom bonds to O, N, F and is attracted to other O,N,F’s

55
Q

Boiling point

A

Temp where liquid becomes a gas

56
Q

list the intermolecular forces that make the boiling point higher

A

VWF, D-D, HB, Ionic

57
Q

If you have a larger surface area how does that affect the BP

A

Higher boiling point

58
Q

If you have a more polarizable atom how does that affect the boiling point

A

Higher boiling point

59
Q

What is more volatile

A

a lower boiling point

60
Q

Melting point

A

Temperature which solid is converted into a liquid

61
Q

If you have strong intermolecular forces what does that do to Melting Point

A

Higher Melting Point

62
Q

more symmetrical what does that do to the melting point

A

higher melting point

63
Q

What properties affect the boiling point

A

Intermolecular forces
Surface area
Polarizable atoms

64
Q

What properties affect the melting point

A

Intermolecular force
symmeticallism

65
Q

Solubility

A

like dissolves lik

65
Q

Solubility

A

like dissolves lik

66
Q

What happens to the solubility of a molecule with size

A

large= not soluble in H2O

67
Q

If a molecule contains heteroatom, pi bond, or both what happens

A

electron decfient site on molecule

68
Q

What makes C electrophillic

A

heteroatom

69
Q

If there is a lone pair on heteroatom what is it

A

basic and nucleophilic

Ochem (10 decks)

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