Chapter 3- Body Structure Flashcards
Abdominal cavity
body space between the abdominal walls, above the pelvis, and below the diaphragm
blood system
body system that includes blood and all its component parts
cardiovascular system
Body system that includes the heart and blood vessels, circulatory system
Cell
Smallest unit of a living structure
connective tissue
Fibrous substance that forms the body supportive framework
cranial cavity
Space in the head that contains the brain.
diaphragm
Muscle that divides the abdominal and thoracic cavities.
digestive system
Body system that includes all organs of digestion and waste excretion, from the mouth to the anus
Dorsal Cavity
Main cavity on the back side of the body containing the cranial and spinal cavity
Endocrine system
Body system that includes glands which secrete hormones to regulate certain body functions.
Epithelial tissue
tissue that covers or lines the body or its parts
Integumentary system
Body system that includes skin, hair, and nails
Lymphatic and immune system
Body system that includes the lymph, glands of the lymphatic system, lymphatic vessels, and the specific and nonspecific defenses of the immune system.
muscle tissue
Tissue that is able to contract and relax
musculoskeletal system
Body system that includes muscles, bones, and cartilage
nervous system
body system that includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and controls most body functions by sending and receiving message.
nervous tissue
specialized tissue that forms nerve cells and is capable of transmitting messages.
organ
group of specialized tissue that performs a specific function.
pelvic cavity
body space below the abdominal cavity that includes the reproductive organs
reproductive system
Either the male of female body system that controls reproduction
respiratory system
Body system that includes the lungs and airways and performs breathing.
sensory system
body system that includes the eyes and ears and those parts of other systems involved in the reactions of the five senses
spinal cavity
body space that contains the spinal cord.
system
any group of organs and ancillary parts that work together to perform a major body function.
thoracic cavity
body space above the abdominal cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels.
tissue
any group of cells that work together to perform a single function
urinary system
Body system that includes the kidney, ureters, bladder, and urethra and helps maintain homeostasis by removing fluid and dissolved water.
ventral cavity
Major cavity in the front of the body containing the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities.
anterior
at or toward the front (of the body)
coronal plane
Imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions.
cross- sectional plane
imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally
deep
away from the surface (of the body)
distal
away from the point of attachment to the trunk.
dorsal
at or toward the back of the body
epigastric region
area of the body immediately above the stomach.
frontal plane
Imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions.
hypochondriac regions
left and right regions of the body just below the cartilage of the ribs and immediately above the abdomen.
hypogastric region
Area of the body just below the umbilical region.
iliac regions, inguinal regions
left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone
inferior
below another body structure
lateral
to the side
lateral plane
imaginary line that divides the body perpendicularly to the medial plane.
left lower quadrant (LLQ)
Quadrant on the lower left anterior side of the patient’s body
left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Quadrant on the upper left anterior side of the patient’s body
lumbar regions
left and right regions of the body near the abdomen
medial
at or near the middle (of the body)
medial plane
imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves.
midsagittal plane
see medial plane
posterior
at or toward the back side (of the body)
prone
lying on the stomach with the face down.
proximal
at or near the point of attachment to the trunk
right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Quadrant on the lower right anterior side of the patient’s body
right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Quadrant on the upper right anterior side of the patient’s body
sagittal plane
imaginary line that divides the body into right and left portions
superficial
at or near the surface (of the body)
superior
above another body structure
supine
lying on the spine facing upward
transverse plane
imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally
umbilical region
area of the body surrounding the umbilicus
ventral
at or toward the front (of the body)
abdomin (o)
abdomen
Ex: abdominoplasty
acetabul (o)
cup-shaped hip socket
Ex: acetabulectomy
aden (o)
gland
Ex: adiposis
adip(o)
fat
Ex: adiposis
adren (o)
adrenal glands
Ex: adrenotoxin
alveol (o)
air sac, alveolus
Ex: alveolitis
angi (o)
vessel
Ex: angiomegaly
aort (o)
Aorta
Ex: aortitis
appendic (o)
appendix
Ex: appendicitis
arteri(o)
artery
Ex: arteriosclerosis
arteriol (o)
arteriolosclerosis
arthr(o)
joint; articulation
Ex: arthralgia
aur (i), auricul(o)
ear
Ex: auriform
blephar (o)
eyelid
Blepharitis
Braachi(o)
arm
Ex: brachialgia
bronch(o), bronchi
bronchus
Ex: bronchomycosis
