Chapter 1- Learning Terms Flashcards
Acanth(o)
Spiny; thorny
Ex. Acanthoid
spine-shaped
Actin(o)
light
Action therapy
Ultraviolet light therapy used in dermatology
aer(o)
air; gas
aerogen
gas-producing microorganism
alge, algesi, algio, algo
pain
algospasm [ĂL-gō-spăzm]
pain caused by a sapsm
amyl(o)
meaning: starch
ex: amylophagia [ ĂM-i lō-FĀ-jē-ă]
abnormal carving for starch
andro
Meaning: masculine
Ex: androblastoma
testicular tumor
Bacill (i)
M: bacilli; bacteria
Ex: bacilliform, rob-shaped like a bacterium
Bacteri(o)
M: bacteria
Ex: bacteriogenic, cause by bacteria
Bar(o)
M: weight; pressure
Ex: barostat , pressure-regulating device
Bas(o), Basi(o)
M: base
Ex: basophilic, having an affinity for basic dyes ( said of tissue)
Bio-
M: life
Ex: biopsy, sampling of tissue from living patients
Blasto
M: immature cells
Ex: gliobladtoma, growth consisting of immature neural cells
Cac(o)
M: bad; ill
Ex: cacomelia, congenital limb deformity
Calc(o), calci(o)
M: calcium
Ex: calcipenia
calcium deficiency
Carcin(o)
M: cancer
Ex: carcinogen
cancer- producing substance
Chem(o)
M: chemical
ex: chemolysis
chemical decomposition
Chlor(o)
M: chlorine
ex: chloruresis
excretion of chloride in urine
Chondrio; Chondro
M: cartilage, grainy, gritty
Ex: Chondrocyte
cartilage cell
Chore (o)
M: dance
Ex: choreoathetosis
abnormal body movements
Chrom, Chromat, Chromo
M: Color
Ex: chromatogenous,
producing color
Chrono
M: Time
Ex: Chronometry,
measurement of time intervals
Chyl (o)
M: chyle, a digestive juice
Ex: chylopoiesis,
production of chyle in the intestine
Chym(o)
M: chyme, semifluid production of chyme in the stomach
Ex: Chymopoiesis,
present during digestion
cine(o)
M: Movement
Ex: cineradiography,
imaging of an organ in motion
coni(o)
M: dust
Ex: coniometer,
device for measuring dust
crin (o)
M: secrete
Ex: crinogenic,
causing secretion
cry (o)
M: cold
Ex: cryocautery,
destruction of tissue by freezing
crypt (o)
M: hidden; obscure
Ex: cryptogenic,
of obscure origin
cyan (o)
M: blue
Ex: cyanopsia,
condition following a cataract operation in which all objects appear blue
cycl (o)
M: circle; cycle; ciliary body
Ex: cyclectomy,
removal of a part of a ciliary body
cyst (o), cysti
M: bladder, cyst, cystic duct
Ex: cystoid,
bladder- shaped
cyt (o)
M: cell
Ex: cytoarchitecture,
arrangement of cells in tissue
dextr (o)
M: right, toward the right
Ex: dextrocardia,
displacement of the heart to the right
dips (o)
M: thirst
Ex: dipsomania,
alcoholism
dors (o), dorsi
M: back
Ex: dorsalgia
upper back pain
dynamo
M: force; energy
Ex: dynamometer
instrument for measuring muscular power
echo
M: reflected sound
Ex: echocardiogram
ultrasound recording of the heart
electr (o)
M: electricity; electric
Ex: electrocardiogram
graphic record of heart’s electrical currents
eosin (o)
M: red; rosy
Ex: eosinophilic,
staining readily with certain dyes
ergo
M: work
Ex: ergograph
instrument for measuring work of muscular contractions
erythr (o)
M: red; redness
Ex: erythroclasis
fragmentation of red blood cells
esthesio
M: sensation, perception
Ex: esthesiometry
measurement of tactile sensibility
ethmo
M: ethmoid bone
Ex: ethmonasal
relating to the ethmoid and nasal bones
etio
M: cause
Ex: etiopathology
study of the cause of an abnormality or disease
fibr (o)
M: fiber
Ex: fibroplastic
producing fibrous tissue
Fluor (o)
M: light; luminous; fluorine
Ex: fluorochrome
fluorescent contrast medium
Fungi
M: Fungus
Ex: Fungicide
substance that destroys fungi
galact (o)
M: Milk
Ex: galactophoritis
inflammation of the milk ducts
gen (o)
M: producing; being born
Ex: genoblast
nucleus of a fertilized ovum
gero, geront (o)
M: old age
Ex: gerontology
study of the problems of aging
gluco
M: glucose
Ex: glucogenic
producing glucose
glyco
M: sugars
Ex: glycopenia
sugar deficiency
gonio
M: angle
Ex: goniometer
instrument for measuring angles
granulo
M: granular
Ex: granuloma
small, granular lesion
gyn (o), gyne, gyneco
M: women
Ex: gynopathy
disease peculiar to women
home (o), homo
M: same; constant
Ex: homeoplasia
formation of new, similar tissue
hydr (o)
M: Hydrogen, water
Ex: hydrocepha: condition characterized by excessive fluid accumulation in the head
hypn (o)
Sleep
Ex: hypnogenesis: induction of sleep
iatr (o)
physician; treatment
Ex: iatrogenic: produced or caused by treatment or diagnostic procedure
ichthy
dry; scaly; fish
Ex: ichthyotoxism: poisoning by fish
idio
distinct; unknown
Ex: idiopathic: of unknown origin
immun(o)
safe; immune
Ex: immunodeficient: lacking in some essential immune functions
kal (i)
potassium
Ex: kalemia: presence of potassium in the blood
karyo
nucleus
Ex: karyolysis: destruction of a cell nucleus
Ket (o), Keton (o)
Ketone; acetone
Ex: ketogenesis; metabolic production of ketones
kin (o), kine
movement
Ex: kinesthesia: perception of movement
kinesi (o), kineso
motion
Ex: kinesiology: study of movement
kyph(o)
humpback
Ex: kyphoscliosis: kyphosis combined with scliosis
lact (o), lacti
milk
Ex: lactogen, agent that stimulates milk production
latero
lateral, to one side
Ex: lateroduction: movement to one side
lepto
light, frail, thin
Ex: leptomeninges: two delicate layers of meninges
leuk (o)
white
Ex: leukoblast: immature white blood cell
lip (o)
fat
Ex: lipoblast: embryonic fat cell
lith (o)
stone
Ex: lithotomy: operation for removal of stones
log(o)
speech, words, thoughts
Ex: logopathy: speech disorder
lys (o)
dissolution
Ex: lysemia: dissolution of red blood cells
macr(o)
large; long
Ex: macromelia: abnormally sized limb
meg(a), megal(o)
large; million
Ex: megloencephaly: abnormally large brain
melan(o)
black; dark
Ex: melanoderma: abnormal skin darkening
mes(o)
middle; median
Ex: mesocephalic: having a medium-sized head
micr(o)
small; one-millionth; tiny
Ex: microorganism: tiny organism
milo
smaller; less
Ex: miopragia: lessened functional activity
morph(o)
structure; shape
ex: morphology: study of the structure of animals and plants
narco
sleep; numbness
Ex: narcolepsy: sleep disorder
necr(o)
death; dying
Ex: study of the cause of death
noct (i)
night
Ex: nocturia: urination at night
normo
normal
Ex: normocyte: normal red blood cell
nucle (o)
nucleus
Ex: nucleotoxin: poison that acts upon a cell nucleus
nyct (o)
night
Ex: nyctalopia: reduced ability to see at night
oncho, onco
tumor
Ex: oncolysis: destruction of a tumor
orth(o)
straight; normal
Ex: orthodontics: dental specialty concerned with correction of tooth placement
oxy
sharp; acute; oxygen
Ex: oxyphonia: shrillness of voice
path(o)
disease
Ex: pathogen: disease-causing substance
pachy
thick
Ex: pachyonychia: abnormal thickening of the nail
phago
eating; devouring; swallowing
Ex: phagocyte: cell that ingests bacteria and other particles
pharmaco
drugs; medicine
Ex: pharmacology: the science of drugs
phon(o)
sound; vioce; speech
Ex: phonometer: instrument for measuring sound
phot(o)
light
Ex: photometer: instrument for measuring light
physi, physio
physical; natural
Ex: physiotherapy: physical therapy
physo
air; gas ; growing
Ex: physocele: swelling due to gas
phty (o)
plant
Ex: phytoxin: substance from plants that is similar to a bacterial toxin
plasma. plasmo
formative; plasma
Ex: plasmapheresis: separation of blood into parts
poikilo
varied; irregular
Ex: poikilocyte: irregularly sharped res blood cell
pseud(o)
false
Ex: pseudodiabetes: false positive test for sugar in the urine
pyo
pus
Ex: pyocyst: cyst filled with pus
pyreto
fever
Ex: pyretogenous: causing fever
pyro
fever; fire; heat
Ex: pyrogenic: causing fever
radio
radiation; x-ray; radius
Ex: radiography: x-ray examination
salping(o)
tube
Ex: salpingectomy: removal of the fallopian tube
schisto
split
Ex: schistocytosis: bladder fissure
schiz(o)
split; division
Ex: schizophrenia: a spectrum of mental disorders often with a disorder of the skin
scler(o)
hardness; hardening
Ex: scleroderma: thickening and hardness of the skin
scolio
crooked; bent
Ex: scoliometer: instrument for measuring curves
scoto
darkness
Ex: scotograph: appliance for helping the blind to write
sidero
iron
Ex: sideropenia: abnormally low level of iron in the blood
sito
food; grain
Ex: sitotoxin: any food poison
somat(o)
body
Ex: somatogenic: origination in the body
somn(o), somni
sleep
Ex: somnambulism: sleepwalking
sono
sound
Ex: sonomotor: relating to movements caused by sound
spasmo
spasm
Ex: spasmolytic: agent that relieves spasms
spher(o)
round; spherical
Ex: spherocyte: spherocal red blood cell
spir(o)
breath; breathe
Ex: spiroscope: device for measuring lung capacity
squamo
scale; squamous
Ex: squamofrontal: relating to the squamous part of the frontal bone
staphyl (o)
grape like clusters
Ex: staphylococcus: a common species that is the cause of variety of infections
steno
narrowness
Ex: sternocephaly: narrowness of the head
stere(o)
three-dimensional
Ex: stereology: study of three-dimensional aspects of a cell
strepto
twisted chains; streptococci
Ex: streptococcus: a common organism that can cause various infections
styl(o)
peg-shaped
Ex: styloid: peg-shaped
syring(o)
tube
Ex: syringitis: inflammation of the eustachian tube
tel (o); tele (o)
distant; end ; complete
Ex: telophase: final stages of mitosis of meiosis
terato
monster (as a malformed fetus)
Ex: treatogen: agent that causes a malformed fetus
therm (o)
heat
Ex: thermometer: an instrument for measuring temperature.
tono
tension; pressure
Ex: tonometer: instrument for measuring pressure
top (o)
place: topical
Ex: topography: description of a body part in terms of a specific surface area
tox (i), toxico, toxo
poison; toxin
Ex: toxipathy: disease due to poisoning
tropho
food; nutrition
Ex: trophocyte: cell that provides nutrition
vivi
life
Ex: viviparous: giving birth to living young
xanth (o)
yellow
Ex: xanthoderma: yellowish skin
xeno
stranger
Ex: xenophobia: extreme fear of strangers o foreigners
xer (o)
dry
Ex: xerasia: dry and brittle hair condition
xiph (o)
sword: xiphoid
Ex: xiphocostal: relating to the xiphoid process and the ribs
zo (o)
life
Ex: zooblast: animal cell
zym (O)
Fermentation; enzyme
Ex: zymogram: strips of paper for testing for location of enzymes
