Chapter 3: Biological Bases of Behavior

Question 1

Sympathetic Nervous System vs. Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer 1

SNS: fight or flight response, prepares body for reaction…
PNS: relaxed state response, calms down body…

Question 2

Central Nervous System

Answer 2

Responsible for action and decision-making based on input from the
peripheral nervous system
Consists of the brain and spinal cord
Brain is responsible for most of the executive functions
Spinal cord relays sensory information to and from the brain
Spinal cord also responsible for spinal reflexes, which are reflexive reactions
to unpleasant stimuli
All the cells responsible for communication within the nervous system
are called neurons

Question 3

3 Types of Neurons

Answer 3

Sensory: detect environmental information and convert it into neural information
Motor: control muscles through expansion or contraction
Interneuron: provide connection and communication between sensory and motor neurons, as well as the peripheral and central nervous system

Question 4

Three phases of neural communication

Answer 4

Resting potential: neuron is not active, but is ready to receive and send an impulse
Action potential: neuron is sending an electrical I pulse down the axon towards the axon terminals
Refractory period: the neuron must stabilize and return to its resting potential

Question 5

How does MRI work

Answer 5

The magnetic field excites hydrogen atoms in the body, and they release energy detected by a radio receiver.