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Bugs and Drugs Exam 1 > Chapter 3 (Based on Erin's SI notes) > Flashcards

Chapter 3 (Based on Erin's SI notes) Flashcards

1
Q

Synthetic Drugs

A 
Fluoroquinolones
Metronidazole
Linezolid (Oxazolidnones)
Trimethoprim
Sulfonamides
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2
Q

Isoniazid spectrum

A

Mycobacterium

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3
Q

Aztreonam spectrum

A

Gram (-)

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4
Q

Vancomycin spectrum

A

Gram (+)

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5
Q

Fluoroquinolones spectrum

A

Everything

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6
Q

Sulfonamides spectrum

A

Gram (+) and Gram (-)

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7
Q

Aminoglycosides spectrum

A

Gram (+), Gram (-), and Mycobacterium

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8
Q

Macrolides spectrum

A

Gram (+), Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Mycoplasma

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9
Q

Tetracyclines spectrum

A

Gram (+), Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Mycoplasma, and some Gram (-)

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10
Q

Static Drugs

A 
Tetracycline
Macrolides/Ketolides
Lincosamides (Clindamycin)
Chloramphenicol
Streptogrammins
Oxazolidinones
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11
Q

Cidal Drugs

A 
Aminoglycosides
Beta Lactams
Vancomycin
Bacitracin
Isoniazid
Fosfomycin
Fluoroquinolones
Metronidazole
Rifampin
Polymyxins
Lipopeptides
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12
Q

Tetracycline MOA

A

30s-block tRNA from binding during translation

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13
Q

50S Subunit

A 
Macrolides/Ketolides
Lincosamides
Chloramphenicol
Streptogramins
Oxazolidinones
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14
Q

Aminoglycosides MOA

A

30s subunit; cause misreading of mRNA

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15
Q

Beta Lactams MOA

A

inhibit PBPs

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16
Q

Vancomycin

A

block cell wall synthesis and targets PTG

17
Q

Bacitracin

A

blocks cell wall synthesis

18
Q

Isoniazid

A

inhibits mycolic acid synthesis in mycobacterial cell wall

19
Q

Fosfomycin

A

blocks cell wall synthesis

20
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

inhibit DNA gyrase (enzyme target)

21
Q

Metronidazole

A

impairs template strand of DNA; makes toxic intermediate

22
Q

Rifampin

A

inhibits RNA polymerase (enzyme target)

23
Q

Polymyxins

A

disrupt cell membrane

24
Q

Trimethoprim

A

inhibits dihydropterate synthetase (DPS enzyme)

prevents folates from forming to create adenine, guanine, thymine, fMET tRNA

25
Q

Sulfamethoxazole

A

inhibit Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR enzyme)

prevents folates from forming to create adenine, guanine, thymine, fMET, tRNA

26
Q

Lipopeptides

A

targets inner cell membrane

27
Q

Polymyxins

A

targets inner cell membrane

28
Q

Viruses treated with vaccines and drugs

A

Influenza
Chronic Hep B
Genital warts
Varicella

29
Q

Drugs to treat influenza

A

Zanamivir
Osettamivir
Amantadine
Rimantidine

30
Q

Drugs to treat chronic Hep B

A

interferon alpha-2b

lamivudine (NRTI)

31
Q

Drugs to treat Genital warts

A

interferon alpha-2b

32
Q

drugs to treat Varicella

A

“-ovir” drugs

33
Q

Viruses treated with drugs/no vaccine

A

Hep C
HIV/AIDS
Respiratory illness in infants
HHV6

34
Q

Hep C drugs

A

interferon alpha-2a/2b

35
Q

HIV/AIDS drugs

A

NRTIs

NNRTs

36
Q

NRTIs

A

competitive inhibitors or substrates
prodrug
parent drug needs to be converted to active triphosphate form
no 3’OH group which terminates DNA chain

37
Q

NNRTs

A

noncompetitive
not prodrugs
not incorporated into viral DNA so bugs will build resistance rapidly

38
Q

Respiratory illness in infants drug

A

ribavirin

39
Q

HHV6 drugs

A

“-ovir” drugs

Bugs and Drugs Exam 1 (4 decks)

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