chapter 3 -Assembly Language Fundamentals

Question 1

Assembly language statements are divided into:

A) Procedures and Functions
B) Instructions and Directives
C) Loops and Conditions
D) Labels and Mnemonics

Answer 1

B) Instructions and Directives

Question 2

Which of the following is an executable instruction?

A) TITLE
B) BYTE
C) MOV
D) END

Answer 2

C) MOV

Question 3

Directives in assembly language:

A) Generate machine code
B) Allocate storage or define segments
C) Are executed at runtime
D) Are not case sensitive

Answer 3

B) Allocate storage or define segments

Question 4

What does PROC indicate in assembly language?

A) Start of a code segment
B) End of a program
C) Start of a procedure
D) End of a data segment

Answer 4

C) Start of a procedure

Question 5

Which directive specifies the end of the program?

A) END
B) TITLE
C) DATA
D) CODE

Answer 5

A) END

Question 6

In a program template, the .code segment is:

A) Writable and executable
B) Only writable
C) Executable but read-only
D) Used for data declaration

Answer 6

C) Executable but read-only

Question 7

The MOV instruction is used for:

A) Arithmetic operations
B) Transferring data
C) Subtracting data
D) Comparing values

Answer 7

B) Transferring data

Question 8

What does the CALL instruction do?

A) Transfers control to a procedure
B) Compares two values
C) Moves data between registers
D) Sets flags in the CPU

Answer 8

A) Transfers control to a procedure

Question 9

A two-operand instruction format includes:

A) Label, mnemonic, operand
B) Mnemonic, two operands, comment
C) Label, comment, data
D) Mnemonic, operand, directive

Answer 9

B) Mnemonic, two operands, comment

Question 10

A WORD in assembly language refers to:

A) 1 byte
B) 2 bytes
C) 4 bytes
D) 8 bytes

Answer 10

B) 2 bytes

Question 11

Which of these defines a signed 8-bit value?

A) BYTE
B) SBYTE
C) DWORD
D) QWORD

Answer 11

B) SBYTE

Question 12

A string in assembly language is:

A) A null-terminated array of characters
B) A sequence of integers
C) A register containing characters
D) Limited to 4 characters

Answer 12

A) A null-terminated array of characters

Question 13

The DUP operator is used to:

A) Define a procedure
B) Allocate space for an array
C) Compare two operands
D) Access memory addresses

Answer 13

B) Allocate space for an array

Question 14

A symbolic constant is defined using:

A) BYTE
B) EQU
C) PROC
D) DATA

Answer 14

B) EQU

Question 15

What does the $ operator represent in assembly language?

A) Start of a data segment
B) Current memory location
C) End of a procedure
D) Address of the next instruction

Answer 15

B) Current memory location

Question 16

What is the purpose of DumpRegs?

A) Allocate registers
B) Display register contents
C) Clear register values
D) Initialize flags

Answer 16

B) Display register contents

Question 17

Which instruction is used to add two values in assembly?

A) MOV
B) CALL
C) ADD
D) DUP

Answer 17

C) ADD

Question 18

What is the first step in the assemble-link-execute cycle?

A) Debugging the code
B) Compiling the program
C) Writing the source program
D) Executing the machine code

Answer 18

C) Writing the source program

Question 19

In Little Endian systems, the least significant byte is stored:

A) At the highest memory address
B) At the lowest memory address
C) In the middle of memory
D) In registers only

Answer 19

B) At the lowest memory address

Question 20

What does the QWORD data type define?

A) 8-bit data
B) 16-bit data
C) 32-bit data
D) 64-bit data

Answer 20

D) 64-bit data

Question 21

What is the difference between an instruction and a directive?

Answer 21

An instruction is executable and generates machine code, while a directive provides information to the assembler (e.g., to allocate memory or define segments).

Question 22

What does the DUP operator do in assembly?

Answer 22

The DUP operator creates space for arrays or strings by duplicating a value or initializer.

Question 23

Define a null-terminated string in assembly language.

Answer 23

A null-terminated string is an array of characters followed by a 0 byte to indicate the end of the string.

Question 24

What is the purpose of the .data segment in an assembly program?

Answer 24

The .data segment is used for declaring and initializing variables and storing static data.

Question 25

What is the significance of Little Endian order?

Answer 25

In Little Endian systems, the least significant byte is stored at the lowest memory address, reversing the order of multi-byte values.

Question 26

Explain the purpose of DumpRegs.

Answer 26

DumpRegs displays the contents of all CPU registers and flags, useful for debugging.

Question 27

How is a WORD defined in assembly language?

Answer 27

A WORD is a 16-bit data type, typically used for storing small integers or addresses.

Question 28

What does the EQU directive do?

Answer 28

The EQU directive assigns a symbolic constant to a value or expression, allowing for easier readability and maintenance.

Question 29

What is the purpose of the CALL instruction?

Answer 29

The CALL instruction transfers control to a procedure, saving the return address for later execution.