Chapter 3 - Ancient Egypt Flashcards
Palette of King Narmer
Hierakonpolis, Egypt
Predynastic (3000-2920 BCE)
Slate
Makeup palette to mix eye makeup
Depicts King Narmer smiting enemies, uniting Lower and Upper Egypt
IMHOTEP, stepped pyramid and mortuary
Precinct of Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt
3rd Dynasty (2630-2611 BCE)
Several stacked mastaba
Hidden shaft and tomb
Imhotep is the first recorded architect
Great Pyramids
Gizeh, Egypt
4th Dynasty
Limestone, granite, mortar
3 generations of kings - Menkaure, Khafre, and Khufu
Air shafts, burial chambers, and false chambers
Great Sphinx
Gizeh, Egypt
4th Dynasty
Sandstone
Pharaoh’s head with Pharaoh’s headdress on a lion’s body
Believed to be head of Khafre - in front of Khafre’s cosway
Khafre enthroned
Gizeh, Egypt
4th Dynasty
Diorite
Falcon sheltering Khafre’s head with pharaoh regalia
sculpted with perfect, idealized form - frontal, rigid, bilaterally symmetrical pose
One hand in fist, one hand open flat - strong and benevolent
Lotus and papaya on side - unified Egypt
Menkaure and Khamerernebty(?)
Gizeh, Egypt
4th Dynasty
Greywacke
Ka statue to transfer the soul from body to afterlife
Statue unfinished, because Menkaure died before it could be finished
Left foot forward - stepping into afterlife
Queen in prominent placement at Menkaure’s side
Seated Scribe
Saqqara, Egypt
4th Dynasty
Painted limestone with crystallized rock and wood inlay
Not meant to be idealized - naturalized form
Holding papyrus and implied to be holding brush
Scribes held important status
Hatshepsut with offering jars
Upper court of mortuary temple, Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
18th Dynasty
Red Granite
commissioned statues to demonstrate influence
One of few female pharaohs, but wore masculine attire depending on occasion
Bowls in hand - offering to the god Amun-Re, who she claimed a relation to.
Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut
Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
18th Dynasty
NOT A TOMB - built to honor Hatshepsut’s rule
Carved from a cliff, columns creating alternating dark/light pattern to mimic cliff
Tops of colonnade levels covered in vegetation for prosperity
Statues lined upper columns
Temple of Amun-Re
Karnak, Egypt (modern Luxor)
19th Dynasty
Built to represent how the gods built Egypt from water
Floors slope slightly upward, and outer areas flood every year
Axial structure with path going through North-South, and another path East-West
Represents smaller version of the creation of Egypt
Hypostle Hall
Temple of Amun-Re, Karnak, Egypt (modern Luxor)
19th Dynasty
134 columns, 69 foot height and 22 foot width
Capitals were bell or bud shape
Sunken relief sculptures on column sides, formerly painted
Represented Egyptian environment (papyrus and reeds)
Model of Hypostle Hall
Structure of hall - two taller columns in middle to support the roof line, with two shorter columns on either side
The section of raised wall between roof lines were slatted to allow light
Clerestory - pattern of slatted walls between roof lines
Akhenaton
Temple of Aton, Karnak, Egypt
18th Dynasty
Sandstone
Portrays Akhenaton with a more stylized feminine form
Artists tried to create an androgynous image as a manifestation of Aton, the sexless sun disk
Akhenaton pushed Egypt towards monotheism
Nefertiti
THUTMOSE, Armana, Egypt
18th Dynasty
Painted Limestone
Purposely unfinished (missing inlay in eye) as an artistic demonstration
Headdress for elongation of head and show of power
Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and 3 daughters
Armana, Egypt
18th Dynasty
Limestone, sunken relief, composite body
Informal representation of family
Stylized - swollen bellies, thin arms
God as sun disk, giving Ankhs to King and Queen
Nefertiti sits at same height and size as Akhenaton
