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AP Art History > Chapter 10 - Ancient Rome > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Ancient Rome Flashcards

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1
Q

Temple of Portunus (Temple of “Fortuna Virilis”)

A

Rome, Italy
75 BCE
Stone and stucco
Republican temple - highly eclectic (Etruscan porch, podium, stairs, ionic columns, frieze)
Pseudoperipteral - columns in front, engaged columns (embedded) on sides

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2
Q

Head of an Old Man

A

Palazzo del Municipo, Osimo
mid-first century BCE
Marble, life sized
Veristic portrait - realistic style with exaggerated worn features - inspired by death masks of important family members

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3
Q

Head of Roman Patrician

A

Otricoli, Italy
75-50 BCE
Marble
Hooked nose, sagging skin, no teeth
Exaggerated weariness
Sagitus - sagginess of the face
Virtus - virtue of the mind
Used to be taken seriously in politics

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4
Q

Fauces

A

Narrow Entryway
Element of Etruscan Villa

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5
Q

Atrium

A

Open air reception
Element of Etruscan Villa

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6
Q

Impluvium

A

Basin to collect rainwater
Element of Etruscan Villa

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7
Q

Cubiculum

A

Small bedroom
Element of Etruscan Villa

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8
Q

Ala

A

Rectangular recess at back of atrium
Element of Etruscan Villa

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9
Q

Tablinium

A

Study/office
Element of Etruscan Villa

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10
Q

Triclinium

A

Dining room
Element of Etruscan Villa

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11
Q

Peristyle

A

Colonnade around cella and porch
Element of Etruscan Villa

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12
Q

Atrium in the house of Vettii
Pompeii, Italy

A

Second cent BCE, rebuilt 62-79 CE
Impluvium, Peristyle garden, hole in roof of Atrium allows light
Owners (brothers) both former slaves of greek men
Painted fresco walls

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13
Q

Fresco from the House of Vettii

A

Pomeii, Italy
Painted stucco, fourth style
Portions painted to mimic solid wall/marble (1st style)
Portions painted to be 3 dimensional recesses (2nd style)
Portions painted with delicate linear fantasy, sectioned, monochrome (3rd style)

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14
Q

Portrait of Augustus as General

A

Primaporta, Italy
Early 1st Cent BCE
Copy of Bronze original 20 BCE
Dolphin - symbol of Augustus’ naval victory against Mark Antony
Cupid - symbol of lineage from Venus
Female personification of conquered nations - Pas Romana (roman peace)
Cuirass (breastplate), judges robes
Pose to mimic Doryphorus

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15
Q

Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater)

A

Rome, Italy
70-80 CE
Political move by Vespausian - reclaiming roman land
Seated 40,000, standing room for 20,000
Arranged by social status - senators -> knights ->plebians -> poor, women, slaves
Bottom, middle, top - Tuscan, Ionic, Corinthian
Waiting rooms, cages, lifting devices beneath flooring

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16
Q

Forum of Trajan

A

APOLLODORUS OF DAMASCUS
Rome, Italy
Dedicated 112 CE
Temple behind basilica
Built with loot from victory over Dacians
Eclectic design - stoa, libraries, Basilica Ulpia, Equestrian statue

17
Q

Column of Trajan

A

Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy
Dedicated 112 CE
Bottom half - first Dacian war
Top half - second Dacian war
625 feet of spiraled carvings
Continuous narritive
Top of column now has statue of St Peter - Renaissance addition

18
Q

Pantheon

A

Rome, Italy
118-125 CE
First commissioned by Agrippa, rebuilt by Hadrian
Designed by APOLLODORUS??
Semi-spherical dome possible with coffers and concrete with pumus
Perfection - 28 columns, 142 ft diameter, 142 ft high
Raised porch
Colorful marble veneer

19
Q

Ludovisi Battle Sarcophogus

A

LUDOVISI
Rome, Italy
250-260 CE
Marble
Chaos of late Roman - break from classical
Romans on top, clean-shaven with armor
Hero in middle with no armor
Bottom w/ Goths - naked and bearded, long unruly hair
Closer to coffin than Etruscan sarcophagus

20
Q

Basilica Nova

A

Rome, Italy
306-312 CE
Concrete walls w/ brick
Walls marble and stucco
Coffered barrel vault
Groin vault with fenestrated openings (clerestory)
Western Aps (semicircular cutout) has Colossus of Constantine - brick core, wooden torso, orb w/ cross

21
Q

Aula Palatina

A

Trier, Germany
Early 4th cent CE
Brick ext w/ timber roof
True basilica - meeting halls, large auditorium, later church
Materials later exploited for flammability

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