CHAPTER 3- ADV. ACCESS FOR STATISTICS FOR EBP Flashcards
A variable that can be counted and has a finite and fixed number of possible values (i.e., every value is assigned to a particular group or category); variables measured at the nominal and ordinal level.
CATEGORICAL VARIABLES
Any uncontrolled variable that may influence the outcome of a study.
CONFOUNDING VARIABLE
An idea or concept of interest.
CONSTRUCT
The degree to which an instrument or tool measures the specific idea of interest.
CONSTRUCT VALIDITY
The degree to which a measurement tool captures the elements of the concept of interest.
CONTENT VALIDITY
A variable that has an infinite number of possible values or the infinite number of values between two consecutive values; variables measured at the interval and ratio level.
CONTINUOUS VARIABLE
The degree to which measurements from one tool or instrument may be correlated with measurements from other valid and reliable instruments.
CRITERION-RELATED VALIDITY
The values of variables.
DATA
A collection of data.
DATA SET
An outcome variable that is affected or influenced by the independent variable.
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
Also known as categorical variable; a variable that can be counted, but has a finite number of countable categories; variables measured at the nominal and ordinal level of measurement.
DISCRETE VARIABLE
The validity of a study based on whether or not its results can be generalized from the sample to the target population.
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
The program files variable that influences another variable(s). Also the variable that the investigator controls or manipulates to affect the dependent variable.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
A measure of whether or not items in the same test, which purport to measure the same variable, are related.
INTERNAL CONSISTENCY
The degree to which changes on the dependent variable may be attributed to the independent variable. Strongly influenced by the quality of the study and control of confounding variables.
INTERNAL VALIDITY
The ability of a test or scale to provide consistent values when used by different people.
INTERRATER RELIABILITY
The four different scales of measurement, used to differentiate types of data. They are nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT
The difference between the true value of variable and the value that has been measured.
MEASUREMENT ERROR
Variables whose data values are nonnumeric.
QUALITATIVE VARIABLE
Variables whose data values are numeric.
QUANTITATIVE VARIABLE
The measure of whether or not a test is able to consistently measure a given variable.
REALIABILITY
The measure of a test’s ability to consistently provide the same measurements across time.
TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY
A device for measuring variables.
TOOL/INSTRUMENT
The extent to which a test measures the variable it is designed to measure.
VALIDITY
A trait or characteristic whose value is not fixed and can change (either from subject to subject, or within the same subject over time).
VARIABLE
Transforming a variable’s level of measurement from a higher level to a lower level always results in
LOSS OF INFORMATION
Scientists are studying the effects of a drug on cancer. Which would be considered an independent variable in the study?
TIMING OF THE DOSES
*Effect of the drug on cancer and side effects of the drugs are DEPENDENT VARIABLES.
Which statement accurately described measurement error in research?
Measurement error is universal
Variables with constant values are considered data.
TRUE
Which is the highest complexity level of measurement?
RATIO
The coefficient used to measure reliability of interval or ratio measurements is
CRONBACH’S ALPHA
A study that can be used to make accurate inferences about its sample population can be said to have high external validity.
TRUE
An example of an interval level of measurement.
TEMPERATURE
