Chapter 3

Question 1

Asymmetrical balance

Answer 1

A type of balance in which the visual, or optical, weights of non-similar elements in a composition are equalized within a visual fi eld or about a common axis.

Question 2

Balance

Answer 2

The arrangement of elements in a composition to achieve visual equilibrium.

Question 3

Contrast

Answer 3

The use of dissimilar elements in a composition.

Question 4

Emphasis

Answer 4

The use of a dominant element within a composition.

Question 5

Fibonacci series

Answer 5

A sequence of numbers beginning with 0 and 1, with each successive number being the sum of the previous two. It begins as 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13…

Question 6

Golden ratio

Answer 6

The division of a line into two unequal segments such that the ratio of the smaller part to the larger part is the same as the ratio of the larger part to the whole. The golden ratio is designated by the Greek letter phi, φ, and is approximately equal to 1.618. When translated to a rectangle, the golden ratio becomes the golden section.

Question 7

Harmony

Answer 7

Also called unity, the agreement of the parts to each other and to the whole in a composition.

Question 8

Modulor system

Answer 8

A complex proportioning system developed by the architect Le Corbusier based on the golden section and human body measurements.

Question 9

Proportion

Answer 9

The relationship of parts of a composition to each other and to the whole.

Question 10

Radial Balance

Answer 10

A type of symmetrical balance in which elements are arranged uniformly about a central point.

Question 11

Rhythm

Answer 11

The repetition of elements in a regular pattern, either uniform repetition of identical elements or a repeating pattern of varying elements.

Question 12

Symmetrical balance

Answer 12

A type of balance in which identical elements are arranged equally about a common axis.