Chapter 3 Flashcards
the most important global goal is for humans to reach the optimal level of their health; this requires not only the action of the health sector bu the collaboration among other sectors such as those in the social and economic sectors
Alma Ata Declaration of 1878
An organized plan of health services
Health Care System
the rendering of health care services to the people
Health care delivery
the network of health facilities and personnel which carries out the task of rendering health care to people
Health care delivery system
important health care derived from scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods
- deals with social policy which targets health equity
Primary health care
Ultimate Goal of Primary Health Care
- universal coverage
- organized service delivery
- public policy that integrates health into all sectors
- leadership that enhances collaborative models of policy dialogue
- increased stakeholders participation
Essential Elements of Primary Health Care
- education concerning prevailing health problems
- locally endemic disease prevention and control
- expanded program of immunization
- maternal and child health care
- essential drugs arrangement
- nutritional food supplement and basic nutrition
- treatment of communicable and noncommunicable disease and mental health promotion
- safe water and sanitation
Basic Objectives to Launch and Sustain PHC
- improve level of health care
- promote favorable population growth structure
- reduce the morbidity and mortality rates especially among infants and children
- reduce prevalence of preventable, communicable, and other diseases
- improve basic sanitation
- extend essential health services to underserved sectors
- develop the self-reliant capability of the community
- encourage the contribution of other sectors
- equitable distribution of health care
- ensure community participation
- recognize that formal health sectors need other sectors in the promotion of health
- use appropriate technology
setting priorities and determining performance targets
Planning
designing the organization for which the manager is responsible
Organization
acquiring and retaining human resources, and developing and maintaining the workforce
Staffing
monitoring staff activities and performance
Controlling
focuses on initiating action in the organization through effective leadership
Directing
formal and legitimate right of a manager to issue orders, make decisions and allocate resources to achieve desired outcomes of the organization
Authority
the duty of the employee to perform the assigned tasks and activities
Responsibility
reporting and justification of task outcomes to higher management
Accountability
Types of Authority
Line
Functional
Staff
managers issue orders to their subordinates and are also responsible for the results
Line authority
for managers that have power only over specific set of activities
Functional authority
given to specialists in their areas of expertise
simply advises, recommends, and counsels
Staff authority
refers to the concentration of planning and decision-making to the top of the organization
Centralization
delegation of planning and decision-making to the lower branches of the organization
Decentralization
written documentation provided for the direct control of the employees
Formalization
Functions of the manager
a. assign individuals to respective positions identified in the management plan
b. assess required competencies
c. recruit required personnel
d. improve existing services and programs
a complex set of organizations interacting to provide an array of health services
Philippine health care system
states that the DOH has the responsibility to create, plan, implement, and systematize national health policies, advocacies, and programs
Executive Order No. 119, Sec 3
DOH states the by 2030:
A global leader for attaining better health outcomes, competitive and responsible health care system, and equitable health financing
Vision
DOH states:
To guarantee equitable, sustainable and quality health for all Filipinos, especially the poor, and to lead the quest for excellence in health
Mission
First-Line health care providers
Primary Level of Health Care Facilities
Primary Level of Health Care Facilities
- rural health units
- puericulture center League of Puericulture Centers
- TB clinics and hospitals by Philippine Tuberculosis Society
- clinics by Philippine Medical Association
- clinics by large firms for employees
- health centers and community hospitals by Philippine Medical Care Commission
- health facilities of voluntary religious and civic groups
includes smaller and non-departmentalized hospitals
emergency and regional hospitals where adequate treatments are offered for patients with symptomatic stages of diseases
Secondary Level of Health Care Facilities
specialized national hospitals which offer highly technological and sophisticated services
Tertiary Level of Health Care Facilities
Levels of Primary Health Care Workers
Grassroot/ Village
Intermediate
First-Line Hospital Personnel
initial links of the community to health care
provide preventive health care measures
encourage programs/ activities
volunteers, community health workers, or traditional birth attendants
Grassroot or Village health worker
first source of professional health care
attend to health problems beyond village workers
provide supervision, training, supplies, and services that provide support to front-line health workers
medical practitioners, nurses, midwives
Intermediate Level Health Workers
backup health service providers in hospitalization
physician w/ specialty, nurses, dentist, pharmacist, and other health professionals
First-Line Hospital Personnel
Factors affecting health workers
- the availability of health manpower resources
- presence of health care concerns and the need of the locality
- the issue of financial and political feasibility
