Chapter 3

Question 1

Properties of materials can be divided into three categories:

Answer 1

Physical, chemical and biologic

Question 2

_______ properties are based on the laws of physics that describe mass, energy, force, light, heat, electricity, etc. Color, density and thermal conductivity are examples.

Answer 2

Physical

Question 3

______ properties are a subgroup of physical properties. These describe a material’s ability to resist forces. examples are stress and stiffness.

Answer 3

Mechanical

Question 4

_______ properties describe the setting reactions as well as the decay or degradation of materials.

Answer 4

Chemical

Question 5

_______ properties of materials are the effects of the materials have on living tissue.

Answer 5

Biologic

Question 6

________ _________ is the rate of heat flow through a material.

Answer 6

Thermal conductivity

Question 7

_______ _________ is a measure of a liquid’s tendency to evaporate and become a gas.

Answer 7

Vapor pressure

Question 8

The ________ _________ of a material is a measure of the amount of thermal energy that a material can hoard.

Answer 8

heat capacity

Question 9

The ______ _____ ______ of a material is the amount of energy needed to raise the temp of one unit of mass of that material by 1 C.

Answer 9

specific heat capacity

Question 10

The _________ is the amount of energy required to melt a material.

Answer 10

heat of fusion

Question 11

The ________ is the amount of energy required to boil a material.

Answer 11

heat of vaporization

Question 12

The process of heating and cooling, the accompanying opening and closing of the gap, is called _______.

Answer 12

percolation

Question 13

_________ results in microleakage, tooth sensitivity and recurrent decay.

Answer 13

percolation

Question 14

________ _________ is the result of electricity flowing from the form to the amalgam and through the pulp

Answer 14

galvanic shock

Question 15

The _______ of a material is its ability to flow.

Answer 15

viscosity

Question 16

_______ is a property that is measured by scientific instruments that press a special tip into the surface of the test material.

Answer 16

Hardness

Question 17

________ is the amount of a material that dissolves in a liquid such as water.

Answer 17

Solubility

Question 18

Some materials absorb water. This property is known as _____ ______.

Answer 18

water sorption

Question 19

_______ is a complex phenomenon that is a psychological response to a physical stimulus.

Answer 19

Color

Question 20

______ is the change in length divided by the original length.

Answer 20

Strain

Question 21

The force that develops in a loaded object is called ______.

Answer 21

stress

Question 22

________ _______ is a mechanical property that is the ratio of the strain in the direction of the stress to the strain in a direction perpendicular to the stress.

Answer 22

Poisson’s ratio

Question 23

______ is the small change in shape that results when an object is under continuous compression.

Answer 23

Creep