Chapter 1

Question 1

Man-made materials that are used to replace tissues or that function in intimate contact with living tissues.

Answer 1

Biomaterials

Question 2

biomaterials used in or around the oral cavity

Answer 2

Dental materials

Question 3

________ will dissolve in oral fluids if the pH is too acidic; dental caries is the result of such an acidic attack.

Answer 3

Enamel

Question 4

Restrictions on material use:

Answer 4

1. biting forces
2. degradation
3. temperature changes
4. biocompatability
5. esthetic demands of patient

Question 5

materials used ancient times-1700’s

Answer 5

gold, ivory, porcelain, wax, gypsum, zinc oxide

Question 6

The US FDA considers dental materials to be ______.

Answer 6

devices

Question 7

Class of devices that is least regulated. Only good manufacturing practices are required. e.g. prophy paste and brushes.

Answer 7

Class I

Question 8

Class of devices that gain approval from FDA after being shown to be equivalent products currently in use. e. g. composites and amalgam restorations.

Answer 8

Class II

Question 9

Class of devices that are most regulated, require premarket approval. e.g. bone graft materials.

Answer 9

Class III

Question 10

Materials used to replace lost oral tissues are called:

Answer 10

restorative materials

Question 11

materials that are tooth-colored are often called:

Answer 11

esthetic materials

Question 12

Some ______ replace a small to moderate amount of tooth structure and are supported by the remaining tooth structure.

Answer 12

restorations

Question 13

______ do not have undercuts and are cemented or “luted” into the tooth. Usually made outside the mouth in a dental laboratory.

Answer 13

Inlays

Question 14

______ are used to restore teeth when a substantial amount of tooth structure is missing.

Answer 14

Crowns

Question 15

A _______ ______ replaces a lost tooth or teeth and cemented in.

Answer 15

dental bridge.

Question 16

A dental bridge is supported by an actual tooth at each end called an ________.

Answer 16

abutment

Question 17

When making a bridge, it is supported by an abutment. Each abutment tooth is prepared and then restored with a crown called a _________.

Answer 17

retainer

Question 18

A bridge has a missing tooth. The missing tooth is replaced with a false tooth called a _______.

Answer 18

pontic

Question 19

A ________ is an artificial device that replaces a lost organ or tissues.

Answer 19

prosthesis

Question 20

A _______ replaces missing teeth, bone, and gingiva after the teeth have been lost or extracted.

Answer 20

denture

Question 21

a bridge is often called a ______ _______ ______ because it is cemented into place

Answer 21

fixed partial denture

Question 22

If some teeth are present in an arch, the replacement pristhesis is called a “______”, also known as a ________ ________ ________.

Answer 22

“partial”, removable partial denture

Question 23

When a restoration or prosthesis is constructed in a lab, a precise replica is needed, this is called an ______.

Answer 23

impression

Question 24

A dental impresssion (or _______ copy) is filled with a material that solidifies to form a replica.

Answer 24

negative

Question 25

If a restoration is constructed on the replica it is called a__________.

Answer 25

cast

Question 26

If the resulting replica is used to study the size and position of the oral tissues it is called a ______ model or _______ cast.

Answer 26

study model, diagnostic cast

Question 27

After a crown has been made, it must be held in place or "luted" to the prepared tooth. ______ is the same as gluing two objects together and it is also called cementing.

Answer 27

Luting

Question 28

________ _______ are often called dental cements.

Answer 28

Luting agents

Question 29

The term _______ implies a degree of strength and thermal insulation.

Answer 29

base

Question 30

A _______ does not hold a degree of strength and thermal insulation.

Answer 30

liner

Question 31

A ________ is a relatively thin layer of material painted on to protect the underlying dentin from chemical irritation.

Answer 31

liner

Question 32

A _______ has greater bulk, which serves to restore part of the missing tooth structure and provide thermal insulation.

Answer 32

base

Question 33

A ________ _______ is constructed and luted during the same appointment in which the crown preparation is performed.

Answer 33

temporary crown

Question 34

Preventive materials include:

Answer 34

pit and fissure sealants, mouthguards, fluoride trays

Question 35

The use of a rubber cup with an abrasive agent is termed _______.

Answer 35

polishing

Question 36

________ _________ are typically screws or posts that are anchored into alveolar bone and that protrude through the gingiva into the oral cavity; considered to be part of restorative dentistry.

Answer 36

Dental implants

Question 37

______ are unique in that they are both inside the body (in the alveolar bone) and outside the body ( exposed in the oral cavity).

Answer 37

Implants

Question 38

a _________ _______ is a combination intraoral and extraoral prosthesis such as an artificial nose/denture combination, retained with intraoral & extraoral implants.

Answer 38

maxillofacial prosthesis

Question 39

Some restorations are constructed directly in the oral cavity and are called _______ _______ materials.

Answer 39

direct restorative materials

Question 40

Direct restorative materials include:

Answer 40

amalgams, composites, glass ionomers

Question 41

Materials that must be fabricated outside of the mouth because the processing conditions of many materials would harm oral tissues.

Answer 41

indirect restorative materials

Question 42

Examples of indirect restorative materials include:

Answer 42

gold crowns & inlays, ceramic materials like a porcelain crown, and indirect restorative polymers like the pink "gum" part of the denture.

Question 43

_________ restorations are those that are not planned to be replaced in a particular time period.

Answer 43

permanent

Question 44

_________ restorations are those that are planned to be replaced in a short time like a week or a month. Also known as ________ restorations.

Answer 44

temporary, provisional

Question 45

"long term" temporary restorations also known as

Answer 45

"interim" restorations

Question 46

Pit and fissures of teeth, particularly posterior teeth are the most susceptible caries. Class _____ type.

Answer 46

Class I

Question 47

The area of tooth just below the interproximal contact is also susceptible to caries. If such a lesion occurs in a posterior tooth, it is called a Class _____ lesion.

Answer 47

Class II

Question 48

If interproximal caries occur in an anterior tooth, it is called a Class ___ lesion.

Answer 48

Class III

Question 49

Lesion involving the incisal angle of an anterior tooth is termed a Class ____ lesion.

Answer 49

Class IV

Question 50

The gingival third of the facial and lingual surfaces of both anterior and posterior teeth is susceptible to caries when patients have poor oral hygiene or a high sugar diet. Class _____.

Answer 50

Class V

Question 51

Lesion that involves the cusp tip or incisal edge of a tooth is termed Class ____. This lesion is rare.

Answer 51

Class VI