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Dental Materials > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Man-made materials that are used to replace tissues or that function in intimate contact with living tissues.

A

Biomaterials

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2
Q

biomaterials used in or around the oral cavity

A

Dental materials

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3
Q

________ will dissolve in oral fluids if the pH is too acidic; dental caries is the result of such an acidic attack.

A

Enamel

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4
Q

Restrictions on material use:

A
  1. biting forces
  2. degradation
  3. temperature changes
  4. biocompatability
  5. esthetic demands of patient
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5
Q

materials used ancient times-1700’s

A

gold, ivory, porcelain, wax, gypsum, zinc oxide

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6
Q

The US FDA considers dental materials to be ______.

A

devices

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7
Q

Class of devices that is least regulated. Only good manufacturing practices are required. e.g. prophy paste and brushes.

A

Class I

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8
Q

Class of devices that gain approval from FDA after being shown to be equivalent products currently in use. e. g. composites and amalgam restorations.

A

Class II

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9
Q

Class of devices that are most regulated, require premarket approval. e.g. bone graft materials.

A

Class III

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10
Q

Materials used to replace lost oral tissues are called:

A

restorative materials

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11
Q

materials that are tooth-colored are often called:

A

esthetic materials

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12
Q

Some ______ replace a small to moderate amount of tooth structure and are supported by the remaining tooth structure.

A

restorations

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13
Q

______ do not have undercuts and are cemented or “luted” into the tooth. Usually made outside the mouth in a dental laboratory.

A

Inlays

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14
Q

______ are used to restore teeth when a substantial amount of tooth structure is missing.

A

Crowns

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15
Q

A _______ ______ replaces a lost tooth or teeth and cemented in.

A

dental bridge.

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16
Q

A dental bridge is supported by an actual tooth at each end called an ________.

A

abutment

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17
Q

When making a bridge, it is supported by an abutment. Each abutment tooth is prepared and then restored with a crown called a _________.

A

retainer

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18
Q

A bridge has a missing tooth. The missing tooth is replaced with a false tooth called a _______.

A

pontic

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19
Q

A ________ is an artificial device that replaces a lost organ or tissues.

A

prosthesis

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20
Q

A _______ replaces missing teeth, bone, and gingiva after the teeth have been lost or extracted.

A

denture

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21
Q

a bridge is often called a ______ _______ ______ because it is cemented into place

A

fixed partial denture

22
Q

If some teeth are present in an arch, the replacement pristhesis is called a “______”, also known as a ________ ________ ________.

A

“partial”, removable partial denture

23
Q

When a restoration or prosthesis is constructed in a lab, a precise replica is needed, this is called an ______.

A

impression

24
Q

A dental impresssion (or _______ copy) is filled with a material that solidifies to form a replica.

A

negative

25
Q

If a restoration is constructed on the replica it is called a__________.

A

cast

26
Q

If the resulting replica is used to study the size and position of the oral tissues it is called a ______ model or _______ cast.

A

study model, diagnostic cast

27
Q

After a crown has been made, it must be held in place or “luted” to the prepared tooth. ______ is the same as gluing two objects together and it is also called cementing.

A

Luting

28
Q

________ _______ are often called dental cements.

A

Luting agents

29
Q

The term _______ implies a degree of strength and thermal insulation.

A

base

30
Q

A _______ does not hold a degree of strength and thermal insulation.

A

liner

31
Q

A ________ is a relatively thin layer of material painted on to protect the underlying dentin from chemical irritation.

A

liner

32
Q

A _______ has greater bulk, which serves to restore part of the missing tooth structure and provide thermal insulation.

A

base

33
Q

A ________ _______ is constructed and luted during the same appointment in which the crown preparation is performed.

A

temporary crown

34
Q

Preventive materials include:

A

pit and fissure sealants, mouthguards, fluoride trays

35
Q

The use of a rubber cup with an abrasive agent is termed _______.

A

polishing

36
Q

________ _________ are typically screws or posts that are anchored into alveolar bone and that protrude through the gingiva into the oral cavity; considered to be part of restorative dentistry.

A

Dental implants

37
Q

______ are unique in that they are both inside the body (in the alveolar bone) and outside the body ( exposed in the oral cavity).

A

Implants

38
Q

a _________ _______ is a combination intraoral and extraoral prosthesis such as an artificial nose/denture combination, retained with intraoral & extraoral implants.

A

maxillofacial prosthesis

39
Q

Some restorations are constructed directly in the oral cavity and are called _______ _______ materials.

A

direct restorative materials

40
Q

Direct restorative materials include:

A

amalgams, composites, glass ionomers

41
Q

Materials that must be fabricated outside of the mouth because the processing conditions of many materials would harm oral tissues.

A

indirect restorative materials

42
Q

Examples of indirect restorative materials include:

A

gold crowns & inlays, ceramic materials like a porcelain crown, and indirect restorative polymers like the pink “gum” part of the denture.

43
Q

_________ restorations are those that are not planned to be replaced in a particular time period.

A

permanent

44
Q

_________ restorations are those that are planned to be replaced in a short time like a week or a month. Also known as ________ restorations.

A

temporary, provisional

45
Q

“long term” temporary restorations also known as

A

“interim” restorations

46
Q

Pit and fissures of teeth, particularly posterior teeth are the most susceptible caries. Class _____ type.

A

Class I

47
Q

The area of tooth just below the interproximal contact is also susceptible to caries. If such a lesion occurs in a posterior tooth, it is called a Class _____ lesion.

A

Class II

48
Q

If interproximal caries occur in an anterior tooth, it is called a Class ___ lesion.

A

Class III

49
Q

Lesion involving the incisal angle of an anterior tooth is termed a Class ____ lesion.

A

Class IV

50
Q

The gingival third of the facial and lingual surfaces of both anterior and posterior teeth is susceptible to caries when patients have poor oral hygiene or a high sugar diet. Class _____.

A

Class V

51
Q

Lesion that involves the cusp tip or incisal edge of a tooth is termed Class ____. This lesion is rare.

A

Class VI

Dental Materials (3 decks)

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