Chapter 3

Question 1

The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.

Answer 1

Heredity

Question 2

The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.

Answer 2

Dominant Trait

Question 3

A trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred.

Answer 3

Recessive trait

Question 4

One set of instructions for an inherited trait.

Answer 4

Gene

Question 5

One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color.

Answer 5

Allele

Question 6

An organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic.

Answer 6

Phenotype

Question 7

The entire genetic makeup of an organism.

Answer 7

Genotype

Question 8

The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.

Answer 8

Probability

Question 9

Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure.

Answer 9

Homologous chromosomes

Question 10

A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells.

Answer 10

Meiosis

Question 11

One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.

Answer 11

Sex Chromosome