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Geography Test 1 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

how far does the atmosphere extend from earths surface

A

6,000 miles

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2
Q

what % of the atmosphere lies within 16 miles of sea level

A

98%

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3
Q

how much nitrogen?

A

78%

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4
Q

how much oxygen?

A

21%

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5
Q

how much argon?

A

0.9%

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6
Q

how much carbon dioxide and other gases?

A

less than 1%

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7
Q

nitrogen
oxygen
argon

A

permanent gases

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8
Q

water vapor
carbon dioxide
ozone

A

variable gases

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9
Q

added by decay and burning of organic matter, volcanic eruptions, and chemical breakdown of specific rocks

A

nitrogen

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10
Q

produced by vegetation

A

oxygen

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11
Q

removed by certain biological processes and by being washed away in rain or snow

A

nitrogen

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12
Q

removed by a variety of organic and inorganic processes

A

oxygen

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13
Q

water in the form of a gas

A

water vapor

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14
Q

effects heating and cooling processes

A

water vapor

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15
Q

absorbs infrared radiation helping to warm the lower atmosphere

A

carbon dioxide

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16
Q

a molecule made up of 3 oxygen atoms

A

ozone

17
Q

absorbs UV solar radiation

protects life forms from deadly effects

A

ozone

18
Q

tiny solid and liquid particles

A

particulates (aerosols)

19
Q

absorb water, and water vapor condenses around them as they float, leading to cloud formation

A

hygroscopic

20
Q

absorb or reflect sunlight reducing the amount of solar energy reaching the surface

A

particulates

21
Q

lowest layer of the atmosphere

where all weather occurs

A

troposphere

22
Q

order of thermal layers

A 
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
exosphere
23
Q

boundaries

A

tropopause
stratopause
mesopause

24
Q

weight of the overlying air

highest at sea level and decreases with increasing altitude

A

pressure

25
Q

zone of homogenous composition (uniform distribution of principal gases)

A

homosphere

26
Q

zone of heterogeneous composition (layered distribution of gases according to molecular weights)

A

heterosphere

27
Q

concentration of ozone relative to other gases is at its max

A

ozonosphere

28
Q

deep layer of electrically charged molecules and atoms called ions

A

ionosphere

29
Q

naturally produced in the stratosphere and serves as a shield to protect life on earth from deadly uv rays of the sun

A

ozone

30
Q

short run atmospheric conditions that exist for a given time in a specific area

A

weather

31
Q

the pattern of day to day weather conditions over a long period of time, encompassing both the average characteristics and the variations and extremes

A

climate

Geography Test 1 (3 decks)

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