Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is stress?
Any circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten one’s well-being and thereby tax one’s coping abilities.
What is the difference between Primary Appraisal and Secondary Appraisal of stress?
Primary Appraisal: Initial evaluation of whether an event is (1) irrelevant to you, (2) relevant but not threatening, or (3) stressful.
Secondary Appraisal: An evaluation of your cooping resources and options for dealing with the stress.
Give examples of cover ethnicity-related sources of stress.
Racial discrimination negatively affects the mental health adn well-being for targets of racism.
Four sources of stress
Acute stressors: Threatening events that have a relatively short duration and clear endpoint
Chronic stressors: Threatening events that have a relatively long duration and no readily apparent time limit
Anticipatory stressors: Upcoming or future events that are perceived to be threatening
Frustration:
Occurs in any situation in which the pursuit of some goal is thwarted
Approach-Approach Conflict:
Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict:
Approach-Avoidance Conflict:
A choice must be made between two attractive goals.
A choice must be made between two unattractive goals.
A choice must be made about whether to pursue a single goal that has both attractive and unattractive aspects.
Explain how the Social Readjustment Rating Scale works
Which type of Life Events cause most of the stress tapped by the Social Readjustment Rating Scale.
List of 43 major life vents that reflects the magnitude of the readjustment required by each change
Death of a spouse
Divorce
Marital speration
Two types of pressure
Pressure: involves expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way
Pressure to PERFORM
Pressure to CONFORM
(Stress)
Impaired task performance
Why do some people choke under pressure?
Elevated self-consciousness may divert attention from the demands of the task, creating a distraction, Second, on well-learned tasks that should be executed almost automatically, the self-conscious person may focus TOO much attention on the task. Thus the person thinks too much about what he or she is doing
(Stress)
Disruption of cognitive function
Being under pressure can cause us to jump to a _
Conclusion
(Stress)
Burnout
A syndrome involving physical and emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and a lowered sense of self-efficacy that is attributable to work-related stress.
(Stress)
PTSD
Enduring psychological disturbance attributed to the experience of a major traumatic event.
In addition to war combat, what are other highly traumatic events?
Rape, car accident, robber or assault, or the witnessing of someones death. Major disasters such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, and fires.
List the symptoms of PTSD
Re-experiencing the traumatic event in form of nightmares and flashbacks. Emotional numbing, alienation, problems in social relations, and elevated arousal, anxiety, and guilt.
What is Psychosomatic Illness?
List the classic psychosomatic illnesses.
Stress may influence the onset of other diseases. Which?
Diseases defined as genuine physical ailments thought to be caused in part by stress and other psychological factors.
Classics include high blood pressure, peptic ulcers, asthma, skin disorders, migraine and tension headaches
Heard disease, stroke, gastrointestinal disorders, arthritis, diabetes, leukemia, cancer, and more.
