Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is the Act Frequency Formulation of traits?
traits are categories of acts
What is act nomination?
procedure of identifying which acts belong in which trait categories
What are prototypicality judgements?
identifying which acts are most central to each trait category
What is the recording of act performance
securing information on the actual performance of individuals in their daily lives
What are the 3 key elements of the Act Frequency Formation theory
- act nomination
- prototypicality judgements
- recording of act performance
What is the lexical approach to studying traits?
all traits listed and defined in the dictionary - this forms the basis of describing differences among people; words are invented to talk about differences
What is the statistical approach?
having a large pool of participants complete a vast array of personality items then using a statistical procedure to identify clusters or groups
What is the theoretical approach?
theory is used to determine which variables are important to measure
What are the traits included in Eysenck’s Hierarchical Model? (PEN)
Extraversion
Neuroticism
Psychoticism
What is traits associated with psychoticism?
aggressive, egocentric, creative, impulsive, anti-social, lacking empathy
What is the hierarchical element of Eysenck’s model?
super trait (extraversion) > narrower traits (sociable) > habitual traits (talking on the phone) > specific acts (I took a coffee break to chat at 10am)
What are the elements of the 5 Factor Model? (OCEAN)
Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
Which trait is the basis of criticism in the FFM?
openness -> criticism if this should be one - there have been many other proposed; should there be a 6th factor? Honesty Humility
What are the elements of the dark triad?
narcissism, machiavellianism, psychopathy
What are the elements of the HEXACO model?
Honesty-humility, Emotionality, extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness to experience
