Chapter 3 Flashcards
A real or imagined threat to ones being that leads to a series of physiological responses and adaptations
Stress
Stress that can have a detrimental effect on health. We view it as negative stress (more likely to occur when tired, under the influence, etc)
Distress
Positive stress and can present opportunities for personal growth. Ex. Planning a wedding or having a baby
Energize and motivate you and improve health
Eustress
Short-term physiological response to an immediate perceived threat
Intense, flares quickly, and ends quickly
Acute stress
Ongoing state of physiological arousal in response to ongoing numerous perceived threats; inhibits normal functioning
Chronic stress
Physiological arousal response in which the body prepares to combat or escape a real or perceived threat
Fight-or-flight response
The pattern followed in the physiological response to stress, consisting of the alarm, resistance, and exhaustion phases
General adaptation syndrome
Three stages of the general adaptation syndrome
Alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Stressor disrupts body’s stability, temporarily lowering resistance
(What stage)
Alarm stage
Adaptation resources are mobilized to combat stressor, and body maintains a higher level of resistance (what stage)
Resistance stage
Body runs out of adaptation energy stores for adjusting to stressor, and resists drops below normal (what stage)
Exhaustion stage
Energizes the body for fight or flight by signaling the release of several stress hormones
Sympathetic nervous system
Slows systems stimulated by the stress response; counteracts the actions of the sympathetic branch
Parasympathetic nervous system
The portion of the central nervous system regulating body functions that a person does not normally consciously control
Autonomic nervous system
What is the main stress gland
Adrenal gland
What gland does the sympathetic nervous system stimulate?
Adrenal glands
What is the main stress hormone released
Epinephrine, aka adrenaline
When stress levels are low, the body is often in a state of
All body systems are operating smoothly to maintain equilibrium
Homeostasis
Which branch of the autonomic nervous system slows all the systems stimulated by the stress response?
Parasympathetic nervous system
During what stage does the body return to homeostasis
Resistance stage
What are the two biological purposes of sleep
Conserve body energy and restore you mentally and physically
What gland regulates the circadian rhythm
Pineal gland
The pineal gland releases a hormone called _____, which induces drowsiness
Melatonin
What stress hormone is associated with hunger?
Cortisol
